Participants' Comments on Changes in the Revised Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children Food Packages: The Maryland Food Preference Study

Black, Maureen M.; Hurley, Kristen M.; Oberlander, Sarah E.; Hager, Erin R.; McGill, Adrienne E.; White, Nneka T.; Quigg, Anna M.

doi:10.1016/j.jada.2008.10.016

Cited by 16 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…We found both racial/ethnic and socio‐economic contrasts in current milk fat content mirroring previous findings in that non‐Hispanic Black and Hispanic individuals aged 2 to 20 were more likely to consume whole milk compared with their non‐Hispanic White counterparts . While these differences may be attributable to decreased neighbourhood access to reduced fat milk or personal preferences, it is notable that the pattern of demographic differences in first milk fat content are different from those of current milk fat content indicating that racial/ethnic and socio‐economic differences in milk fat consumption evolve throughout childhood . Furthermore, our finding that children from wealthier homes were more likely to be weaned to whole milk compared with children from lower income homes may speak to the role WIC plays in determining milk selection.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

“…40,41 While these differences may be attributable to decreased neighbourhood access to reduced fat milk 42 or personal preferences, it is notable that the pattern of demographic differences in first milk fat content are different from those of current milk fat content indicating that racial/ethnic and socio-economic differences in milk fat consumption evolve throughout childhood. 42,43 Furthermore, our finding that children from wealthier homes were more likely to be weaned to whole milk compared with children from lower income homes may speak to the role WIC plays in determining milk selection. Lower income families may have less access to whole milk as WIC is more likely to provide reduced fat milk in accordance with United States Department of Agriculture recommendations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

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Associations between milk fat content and obesity, 1999 to 2016

et al. 2020

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Summary Background The relationship between milk fat content and body mass index (BMI) remains unclear. The objective of this study was to determine if milk fat content is associated with obesity in children, adolescents and young adults. Methods We used repeated cross sections of National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), 1999 to 2016. Using logistic regression, we measured associations between first milk consumed after formula/breast milk (whole, 2%, 1%, or fat‐free) and weight status (≥85th to <95th BMI percentile, overweight; ≥95th BMI percentile, obesity) among children 2 to 6 years (n = 8367). We also assessed associations between current milk type and weight status among those 2 to 20 years of age (n = 26 750). Results Children 2 to 6 years with obesity were less likely to have been weaned to whole milk versus healthy weight children (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.77; 95% CI, 0.60‐0.98; P = .031). Individuals 2 to 20 years with overweight or obesity were less likely to drink whole milk as their current milk and more likely to drink fat‐free or 1% milk compared with healthy weight children. Conclusions Whole milk consumers are less likely to have obesity. It is unclear whether this relationship is causal or a reflection of United States Department of Agriculture recommendations. Further examination of the factors that influence milk choice among diverse cohorts would lend clarity to this important issue.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Associations between milk fat content and obesity, 1999 to 2016

et al. 2020

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“…A survey of Expanded Food and Nutrition Education Program (EFNEP) participants in Pennsylvania found only 13% consuming soy [22]. Intention to consume soymilk was generally negative, similar to a survey of attitudes towards changes in the WIC food basket in Maryland, where few consumed soy (13%) and most were not interested in trying those foods in the future [23]. Most of those respondents consumed whole milk (56%) and were not interested in low-fat milk.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Women Infant and Children program participants' beliefs and consumption of soy milk : Application of the Theory of Planned Behavior

Wheeler

Chapman‐Novakofski

2014

Nutr Res Pract

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The purpose of this study was to determine if Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) variables predict soy milk intake in a sample of WIC participants in 2 Illinois counties (n = 380). A cross-sectional survey was used, which examined soy foods intake, behavioral beliefs, subjective norms, motivation, and intention. Soy product intake was low at both sites, and many participants (40%) did not know that soy milk was WIC approved. Most (> 70%) wanted to comply with their health care providers, but didn't know their opinions about soy milk (50-66%). Intention was significantly correlated with intake (0.507, P ≤ 0.01; 0.308, P ≤ 0.05). Environmental beliefs (0.282 and 0.410, P ≤ 0.01) and expectancy beliefs (0.490 and 0.636, P ≤ 0.01) were correlated with intention. At site 1, 30% of the variance in intention to consume soy milk was explained by expectancy beliefs and subjective norm beliefs (P < 0.0001); at site 2, 40% of the variance in intention was explained by expectancy beliefs. The TPB variables of expectancy beliefs predicted intention to consume soy milk in WIC participants. Therefore, knowing more about the health benefits of soy and how to cook with soy milk would increase WIC participants' intention to consume soy milk. Positive messages about soy milk from health care providers could influence intake.

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“…Such evidence to inform the design and operation of food subsidy programmes is lacking, particularly from the perspectives of beneficiaries and health practitioners. Small-scale qualitative studies of WIC found that participants valued the inclusion of fresh fruit and vegetables and anticipated that this would increase intake [40]. For young single mothers, food vouchers were the only means by which they could afford to include fruit and vegetables in their diets [41]; and women highly valued the provision of free infant formula because it was an expensive product [42].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can food vouchers improve nutrition and reduce health inequalities in low-income mothers and young children: a multi-method evaluation of the experiences of beneficiaries and practitioners of the Healthy Start programme in England

McFadden

Green

Williams³

et al. 2014

BMC Public Health

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BackgroundGood nutrition is important during pregnancy, breastfeeding and early life to optimise the health of women and children. It is difficult for low-income families to prioritise spending on healthy food. Healthy Start is a targeted United Kingdom (UK) food subsidy programme that gives vouchers for fruit, vegetables, milk, and vitamins to low-income families. This paper reports an evaluation of Healthy Start from the perspectives of women and health practitioners.MethodsThe multi-method study conducted in England in 2011/2012 included focus group discussions with 49 health practitioners, an online consultation with 620 health and social care practitioners, service managers, commissioners, and user and advocacy groups, and qualitative participatory workshops with 85 low-income women. Additional focus group discussions and telephone interviews included the views of 25 women who did not speak English and three women from Traveller communities.ResultsWomen reported that Healthy Start vouchers increased the quantity and range of fruit and vegetables they used and improved the quality of family diets, and established good habits for the future. Barriers to registration included complex eligibility criteria, inappropriate targeting of information about the programme by health practitioners and a general low level of awareness among families. Access to the programme was particularly challenging for women who did not speak English, had low literacy levels, were in low paid work or had fluctuating incomes. The potential impact was undermined by the rising price of food relative to voucher value. Access to registered retailers was problematic in rural areas, and there was low registration among smaller shops and market stalls, especially those serving culturally diverse communities.ConclusionsOur evaluation of the Healthy Start programme in England suggests that a food subsidy programme can provide an important nutritional safety net and potentially improve nutrition for pregnant women and young children living on low incomes. Factors that could compromise this impact include erosion of voucher value relative to the rising cost of food, lack of access to registered retailers and barriers to registering for the programme. Addressing these issues could inform the design and implementation of food subsidy programmes in high income countries.

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Participants' Comments on Changes in the Revised Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children Food Packages: The Maryland Food Preference Study

Cited by 16 publications

References 31 publications

Associations between milk fat content and obesity, 1999 to 2016

Associations between milk fat content and obesity, 1999 to 2016

Women Infant and Children program participants' beliefs and consumption of soy milk : Application of the Theory of Planned Behavior

Can food vouchers improve nutrition and reduce health inequalities in low-income mothers and young children: a multi-method evaluation of the experiences of beneficiaries and practitioners of the Healthy Start programme in England

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