Partially Deacetylated and Fibrillated Shrimp Waste-Derived Chitin as Biopolymer Emulsifier for Green Cutting Fluids—Towards a Cleaner Production

Abstract

Up to date, most metalworking fluids (MWFs) are emulsions made of petroleum-derived oil bases and sodium petroleum sulphonate emulsifiers. They are not readily biodegradable, and their waste is hazardous for users and the environment. Therefore, green MWFs are required for achieving cleaner production processes. Recently, various MWFs have been developed using vegetable oil bases to meet biodegradability to some extent. However, the emulsifier has been scarcely replaced by a green product. This research aims to produce and evaluate Pickering emulsions made of Jatropha oil (JO) and partially deacetylated and fibrillated chitin (PDFC) as emulsifiers at different concentrations. JO is a non-edible biodegradable oil with remarkable lubricity properties, while PDFC is produced by extracting chitin from waste heads and shells of the shrimp species Litopenaeus vannameii, followed by partial deacetylation and further fibrillation, which improves wettability and stabilization. The prepared emulsions were characterized in terms of creaming index and size of emulsion droplets and evaluated as MWFs in actual turning operations of AISI 1018 steel bars via minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) technique. The findings suggest PDFC as a potential eco-friendly emulsifier to form green MWFs with acceptable stability generating low cutting forces and significant workpiece finishing and chips quality.

Microalgae Oil-Based Metal Working Fluids for Sustainable Minimum Quantity Lubrication (MQL) Operations—A Perspective

“…However, it should be noted that some of the above additives are considered toxic or contaminant according to the current environmental policies, so they can reduce the eco-friendly attributes of the MWFs even those produced with bio-oils. Hence, modern research on green MWFs is being focused on the exploration of different nanoparticles [15] and biopolymers [57] as green additives to replace polluting additives by keeping or improving cutting performance.…”

Viscoelastic Water-Based Lubricants with Nopal Cactus Mucilage as Green Metalworking Fluids

“…More recently, looking for better performance and environmental care, other research groups have studied the addition of different nanoparticles (i.e., TiO 2 [6], polyethyleneimine-reduced graphene oxide nanosheets [7], etc. ), ionic liquids [8,9], and bio-derived oils to produce water-based lubricants and green emulsions [10][11][12]. The use of bio-derived oils as additives has received increased attention since water-based lubricants in the form of green emulsions are extensively used in the global manufacturing industry as metalworking fluids (MWFs) for lubricating machining, cutting, and removal processes.…”

Green lubricants in action: a comprehensive performance evaluation of groundnut oil-based cutting fluids in metal machining processes

“…The authors have investigated the stability, favorable physicochemical properties, thermal stability, and superior performance of vegetable oils and compared them to mineral cutting fluids, highlighting their potential as eco-friendly, cost-efficient alternatives in industrial applications. Aguilar-Rosas et al [25] have investigated the use of sustainable materials in MWFs to achieve cleaner production processes. The authors aimed to produce and evaluate Pickering emulsions using Jatropha oil (JO) as the base and partially deacetylated and fibrillated chitin (PDFC) as the emulsifier at varying concentrations.…”