Parks under attack: Brazil’s Iguaçu National Park illustrates a global threat to biodiversity

Prasniewski, Victor Mateus; Szinwelski, Neucir; Sobral‐Souza, Thadeu; Kuczach, Ângela Márcia; Brocardo, Carlos Rodrigo; Sperber, Carlos Frankl; Fearnside, Philip M.

doi:10.1007/s13280-020-01353-5

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…In the state of Rio de Janeiro there is a financial incentive for municipalities that have environmental projects, including the establishment of municipal protected areas (INEA, 2011). Therefore, in recent years, a large number of municipal SU protected areas were created (Table 3), but without proper planning they are functioning only as ‘paper parks’ and thus do not safeguard wildlife (Dudley & Stolton, 1999; Bernard, Penna & Araújo, 2014; Prasniewski et al, 2020; Thomaz et al, 2020). The creation of protected areas alone is not a definitive solution for freshwater conservation as they need to be well planned and well managed (Pringle, 2001; Saunders, Meeuwig & Vincent, 2002).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protected areas and native freshwater bivalves are not in the same place in south‐east Brazil

Miyahira

Mansur

Lacerda

et al. 2022

Aquatic Conservation

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Bivalves are important components of freshwater ecosystems; however, they are also one of the most threatened animal groups, especially members of the order Unionida. The main threats to freshwater bivalves are habitat modification and invasive species. Protected areas are a common way to minimize impacts and preserve native species, but they are rarely designated with a focus on freshwater invertebrates. The main goal of this article was to describe the distribution of freshwater bivalves in the state of Rio de Janeiro, and the relationship between these species and bioclimatic areas, land use and protected areas. Five native and two invasive bivalve species have been reported in Rio de Janeiro. They occur mainly in bioclimatic areas related to the Paraíba do Sul River and Campista Lowlands. The few records of bivalves inside protected areas are in areas of sustainable use that offer a lower level of protection, and frequently in sympatry with invasive bivalves. Thus, the established protected areas in Rio de Janeiro are not adequately effective for freshwater bivalve conservation, and some species remain under threat even within them. Freshwater bivalves thus remain largely unprotected in the state. The development of new protected areas and management plans should consider other faunal groups that are usually ignored, such as freshwater bivalves, to achieve more inclusive and effective protection.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protected areas and native freshwater bivalves are not in the same place in south‐east Brazil

Miyahira

Mansur

Lacerda

et al. 2022

Aquatic Conservation

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“…EPAs, for example, allow mining activities inside their boundaries, one of the most aggressive environmental threats in Brazil, which is expected to show a 10-fold increase over the coming years (Villen-Perez et al 2018). In addition, Brazil is currently experiencing a crisis in its environmental policy (Magnusson et al 2018, Thomaz et al 2020, Barbosa et al 2021, and because even strict PAs are under threat (Silveira et al 2018, Prasniewski et al 2020, EPAs are expected to guarantee even less effective protection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Brazilian Caatinga protected areas: an extremely unbalanced conservation system

et al. 2021

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Summary The semiarid Caatinga is the largest Seasonally Dry Tropical Forest and Woodland (SDTFW) in the Neotropics. Yet the vast majority of the Caatinga is unprotected, with severe chronic anthropogenic use, exotic species and global warming among its most immediate threats. Here, we contrast the current Caatinga protected areas (PAs) scenery with that of other SDTFWs in the Neotropics. We also analyse the growth process of the PAs in the Caatinga over time across Brazilian PA categories and jurisdictions. The percentage of Caatinga that is protected is average among the SDTFWs. Caatinga has more state than federal PAs; however, the size of the PAs is greater under a federal jurisdiction. Nonetheless, in both jurisdictions, Environmental Protected Areas, one of the least restrictive categories, are more representative in terms of total area, corresponding to nearly 80% of the Caatinga PA system. Our results are relevant for international conservation goals because they depict the current PA scenery and clarify the challenges for achieving the actual preservation of the unique Caatinga biome.

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“…Downgrading, downsizing and degazetting PAs are occurring worldwide and especially in Brazil (Mascia & Pailler 2011, Pack et al 2016. Currently threatened PAs in Brazil include the Nascentes do Lago Jari National Park on Highway BR-319 (Manaus-Porto Velho), through which a road (AM-366) is planned (Fearnside et al 2020), the Jamanxim National Forest on Highway BR-163 (Santarém-Cuiabá), through which a planned railway would pass (Chagas 2017), and the Iguaçu National Park that protects the largest remaining fragment of inland Atlantic rainforest, though which the proposed 'Caminho do Colono' road would pass (Prasniewski et al 2020).…”

Section: Threats To the Serra Do Divisor National Parkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serra do Divisor National Park: a protected area under threat in the south-western Brazilian Amazon

et al. 2022

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Summary Protected areas have numerous roles (such as biodiversity preservation, the development of scientific research and the sustainable use of natural resources), but they are under threat from political and economic forces. The 837 000-ha Serra do Divisor National Park (SDNP) in the south-western Brazilian Amazon combines the conservation of natural resources and the maintenance of the productive activities of c. 400 resident families. The Brazilian and Peruvian governments have proposed a road linking Acre (Brazil) to Ucayali (Peru) that would bisect the SDNP. Another threat to the SDNP is a bill proposing its downgrading to an ‘environmental protection area’. This study aims to map the land cover of the SDNP and its surroundings from 1988 to 2018 and to analyse the dynamics of land-use change. Analysis of Landsat satellite images with supervised classification using the MaxVer algorithm show that, during the 30-year period, pasture showed the highest absolute land-cover gain, with 1986 ha in the interior and 7661 ha along the periphery of the SDNP. Only 1% of the park’s primary forest was lost by 2018, but the proposed road and potential downgrading may result in accelerated deforestation and forest degradation in the near future.

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Parks under attack: Brazil’s Iguaçu National Park illustrates a global threat to biodiversity

Cited by 11 publications

References 24 publications

Protected areas and native freshwater bivalves are not in the same place in south‐east Brazil

Protected areas and native freshwater bivalves are not in the same place in south‐east Brazil

The Brazilian Caatinga protected areas: an extremely unbalanced conservation system

Serra do Divisor National Park: a protected area under threat in the south-western Brazilian Amazon

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