Parkinson's disease and periodontitis – the missing link? A review

Kaur, Tejaswani; Uppoor, Ashita; Naik, Dilip G

doi:10.1111/ger.12188

Cited by 72 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…The associated periodontal inflammation could also result in the breakdown of the blood-brain barrier, thereby progressively contributing to the etiology of disabling neurodegenerative disease [1,21]. PID is a chronic inflammatory condition of the tooth and is one of the most common chronic infections.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This condition is associated with persistent systemic inflammation leading to elevated concentrations of C-reactive protein and other inflammatory biomarkers including IL-1, IL-6, and TNF-α [22]. These cytokines activate microglial cells that produce nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species (ROS), resulting in the death of dopaminergic neurons [1]. Therefore, systemic inflammation may represent a potential mechanism connecting oral health and neurodegenerative diseases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a gradually neurodegenerative disease involving deficits of the nigrostriatal pathway and characteristic motor, cognitive, and psychiatric symptoms [1]. PD onset usually occurs after 40 years of age and mainly occurs in men, with the incidence increasing with age and an annual growth rate of 7.9% [2,3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dental Scaling Decreases the Risk of Parkinson’s Disease: A Nationwide Population-Based Nested Case-Control Study

Chen

Huang

et al. 2018

IJERPH

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The protective effect of dental scaling in Parkinson’s disease (PD) remains inconclusive. The aim of this study was to analyze the association between dental scaling and the development of PD. A retrospective nested case-control study was performed using the National Health Insurance Research Database of Taiwan. The authors identified 4765 patients with newly diagnosed PD from 2005 to 2013 and 19,060 individuals without PD by matching sex, age, and index year. In subgroup 1, with individuals aged 40–69 years, individuals without periodontal inflammatory disease (PID) showed a protective effect of dental scaling against PD development, especially for dental scaling over five consecutive years (adjusted odds ratio = 0.204, 95% CI = 0.047–0.886, p = 0.0399). In general, the protective effect of dental scaling showed greater benefit for individuals with PID than for those without PID, regardless of whether dental scaling was performed for five consecutive years. In subgroup 2, with patients aged ≥70 years, the discontinued (not five consecutive years) scaling showed increased risk of PD. This was the first study to show that patients without PID who underwent dental scaling over five consecutive years had a significantly lower risk of developing PD. These findings emphasize the value of early and consecutive dental scaling to prevent the development of PD.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dental Scaling Decreases the Risk of Parkinson’s Disease: A Nationwide Population-Based Nested Case-Control Study

Chen

Huang

et al. 2018

IJERPH

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“…Recent epidemiological, microbiological and inflammatory findings strengthen this association, indicating that periodontal pathogens are possible contributors to neural inflammation 24 . According to Kaur et al 25 , so far there is no direct evidence implying an effect of periodontitis in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease; therefore, it is believed the need for more studies about population-based case-control of or cohort design.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of oral conditions in patients with neurodegenerative diseases treated in geriatric centers

Frota

Holanda

Sousa

et al. 2016

RGO, Rev. Gaúch. Odontol.

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Objective To compare the general clinical conditions and oral alterations, and also evaluate the prosthesis, in subjects diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease (AD) or Parkinson's disease (PD), attended at two geriatric centers in the city of Fortaleza -Ceará. Methods RESUMO ObjetivoComparar as condições sistêmicas e orais, além de avaliar as próteses removíveis, associadas aos portadores de Doença Alzheimer e Doença Parkinson, atendidos em dois centros geriátricos situados no município de Fortaleza -Ceará. MétodosForam analisados 70 pacientes (entre 57 à 91 anos) com Doença Alzheimer e Doença Parkinson, por meio de avaliação de prontuários neurológicos e exame clinico oral. Tendo sido observadas variáveis de sexo, idade, raça, comorbidades, condições orais e protéticas. Um total de 20 pacientes idosos sem doenças neurológicas consistiu no Grupo Controle. Foi utilizado teste exato de Fischer como análise estatística. ResultadosEm ambos os grupos estudados, a Hipertensão arterial foi a comorbidade mais frequente. Quanto ao exame oral, no grupo com Doença Alzheimer, foi observado que 54.2% apresentou doença periodontal, 34.2% doença cárie. Achados semelhantes foram encontrados em pacientes com Doença Parkinson (31,4%; 22,8% -respectivamente). Entretanto, não foi observada diferença entre os grupos estudados, quanto as manifestações sistêmicas e orais nos dois centros geriátricos (p>0.05). Foi identificado que mais da metade dos pacientes avaliados nesse estudo (57,7%), utilizavam alguma prótese removível, sendo que 86,5% dessas apresentavam-se mal adaptadas, com algum tipo de defeito, principalmente nos idosos Institucionalizados (p= 0.034). Verificou-se, também, diferença estatística na presença de estomatite protética, entre os grupos demência e grupo controle (p= 0.0213). ConclusãoIdosos portadores de Doença Alzheimer e Doença Parkinson tem deficiente saúde bucal, assim como aqueles sem as doenças neurodegenerativas. No entanto, apresentam mais imperfeições e patologias associadas ao uso de próteses removíveis. Evaluation of oral conditions in patients with neurodegenerative diseases treated in geriatric centersAvaliação das condições orais em pacientes com doenças neurodegenerativas atendidos em centros geriátricos

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“…Also, recently, systemic inflammation has been proposed as one of the contributing factors for neurodegeneration. Some authors suggest a possible link between Parkinson's disease and periodontal disease (18).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of dental health issues in Parkinson`s disease patients

Ivanov¹,

Peev²,

Milkov³

et al. 2015

MedInform

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Parkinson's disease and periodontitis – the missing link? A review

Abstract: We cannot cure Parkinson's disease, but if in future this missing link is established, an attempt can be made to prevent it by tackling one of its possible contributors (periodontitis) for systemic inflammation by simple preventive oral hygiene measures.

Cited by 72 publications

References 37 publications

Dental Scaling Decreases the Risk of Parkinson’s Disease: A Nationwide Population-Based Nested Case-Control Study

Dental Scaling Decreases the Risk of Parkinson’s Disease: A Nationwide Population-Based Nested Case-Control Study

Evaluation of oral conditions in patients with neurodegenerative diseases treated in geriatric centers

A Review of dental health issues in Parkinson`s disease patients

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