Parents’ experience during the hospitalisation of the preterm infant

Abstract

Resumenpp.107-115 Resumo Revista de Enfermagem Referência A R T I G O D E I N V E S T I G A Ç Ã O Vivência dos pais durante a hospitalização do recém-nascido prematuroParents' experience during the hospitalisation of the preterm infant Experiencia de los padres durante la hospitalización del recién nacido prematuro Palavras-chave: prematuro; pais; acontecimentos que mudam a vida; cuidados de Enfermagem; hospitalização.Marco contextual: Somos testigos del aumento del nacimiento de bebés prematuros y los padres se enfrentan a diversas dificultades y limitaciones, especialmente si el prematuro requiere hospitalización. Objetivos: Identificar los sentimientos experimentados por los padres ante el nacimiento anticipado de un hijo; demostrar la influencia de la hospitalización en la adaptación a la parentalidad. Metodología: Estudio cualitativo, exploratorio y descriptivo en una muestra no probabilística formada por 12 padres que tenían al hijo ingresado en cuidados intensivos neonatales. Se utilizó la entrevista semiestructurada y se realizó un análisis de contenido. Resultados: Surgieron siete categorías, el impacto del nacimiento prematuro; sentimientos/emociones de los padres; parentalidad ante la hospitalización de un hijo; hechos relevantes para los padres relacionados con el recién nacido; apoyos recibidos por los padres; opinión de los padres ante la hospitalización; aspectos institucionales por mejorar. Conclusión: Creemos que los resultados nos ayudan a entender las dificultades y los significados atribuidos a la experiencia de los padres con el fin de reforzar las medidas de humanización de los procesos de adaptación a la enfermedad y la promoción de la parentalidad, optimizando así la atención de enfermería.Palabras clave: prematuro; padres; acontecimientos que cambian la vida; atención de enfermería; hospitalización.Theoretical framework: The birth of preterm infants is increasing and parents are faced with several difficulties and constraints, especially when the premature baby requires hospitalisation. Objectives: To identify the feelings experienced by parents at the anticipated birth of a child and demonstrate the influence of hospitalisation on the adaptation to parenthood. Methodology: Qualitative exploratory-descriptive study, using a non-probability sample of 12 parents whose children had been admitted to neonatal intensive care units. Semi-structured interviews were used and their contents were analysed. Results: Seven categories emerged: Impact of premature birth; Parents' feelings/ emotions; Parenting given the child's hospitalisation; Significant events for parents related to the newborn; Support received by parents; Parents' opinion regarding hospitalisation; and Institutional aspects to be improved. Conclusion: We believe that the results found help us understand the difficulties and meanings attributed to the parents' experience, so as to strengthen measures to humanise the processes of adaptation to illness and promote parenting, thus optimising Nursing care.

Parentalidade De Pais De Recém-Nascidos Hospitalizados Por Sífilis Congênita À Luz Da Teoria Das Transições

“…The fear, sadness, rebellion and guilt experienced due to the hospitalization of a child inhibited the transition of parenthood. 15 The parents blame themselves for the child's clinical condition, suffering, and the need for hospitalization. The mothers, who hold themselves responsible for the child, blame themselves for not having a normal gestation and a healthy birth.…”

“…The hospitalization of the newborn interferes in the adaptation of the parenting and in the relationship and mother/father and son bond. 15 The experience of the child´s hospitalization impacts emotions and in the daily life of the family. The daily life of the parents is marked by sudden changes, in addition to the changes that would already occur with the birth of a healthy child.…”

Incertezas dos pais de recém-nascidos internados: proposta de intervenção à luz da teoria de Mishel

“…19 The findings raise the importance of parental involvement in the care of their children and the importance of the role of the nurse in this preparation. 19 …”

“…10,24 The findings reinforce the role of nurses in the involvement of parents in care and preparation for discharge , by encouraging touch and participation in care, favoring the parent / child bonding and the development of parental competences. 12,19 Mothers also managed to have their uncertainties diminished as they gained confidence in the health professional, and this was only possible after dialogue and reception of mothers by professionals. It is at this stage that necessary guidance on the environment, routines, and health status of the infant should be provided.…”

“…In addition, telephone calls and prayers received by family members strengthen this bond, reducing feelings of loneliness. 14,19,27 Thus, the family experiences an internal movement to reorganize its daily routine, resulting from the demands generated by hospitalization, members in an attempt to maintain family unity, even in the face of physical distance, solidifying as a family group. 28 One of the presuppositions of the theory and Mishel is that every situation of uncertainty leads to adaptation through its confrontation, bringing to the individual a new look at the situation and, consequently, a new perspective of life.…”