Parenthood, Alcohol Intake, and Drinking Contexts: Occasio Furem Facit

Abstract

ABSTRACT. Objective: The aim of this study was to assess whether the effect of parenthood on alcohol intake varies according to the context in which the drinking act occurs. Method: The data were drawn from the Canadian Addiction Survey, a national telephone survey conducted in 2004. The analytical sample included 1,079 drinking occasions nested in 498 female drinkers and 926 drinking occasions nested in 403 male drinkers between 18 and 55 years of age. A multilevel linear statistical model was used to estimate the variance related to the drinking occasion (Level 1) and to the parental role (Level 2). Results: Parenthood was not associated with alcohol intake per occasion. Drinking context variables brought great explanatory power to the study of alcohol intake, but, overall, the effect of parenthood on alcohol intake did not vary according to the context in which drinking occurs. Only one interaction between the parental role and contextual characteristics was found. Conclusions: Men's and women's alcohol intake within drinking contexts is more likely to be infl uenced by the immediate context in which drinking occurs than by their parental role. The explanation for alcohol behaviors within the general Canadian population may lie as much in the situation as in the person. (J. Stud Alcohol Drugs, 72, 259-269, 2011)

Does context matter? A multilevel analysis of gambling settings among undergraduates

“…Over several studies, a group of researchers has shown that drinking occasions are not invariant among individuals, regardless of individual characteristics, personality or predispositions, and that a great deal of the variability in alcohol intake is the product of contextual influences Kairouz & Greenfield, 2007;Paradis, 2011;Paradis, Demers, Nadeau, & Picard, 2011). These authors argue that social actors who find themselves in a specific context adjust their behavior to what is customary in that context rather than operate in accordance with norms connected to their individual profile.…”

Tridimensionality of alcohol use in Canada: Patterns of drinking, contexts and motivations to drink in the definition of Canadian drinking profiles according to gender

“…1 This appears to shape the social norms regarding how a person may drink alcohol 2 as well as his or her opportunities to drink. 3 Numerous studies have shown that women drink smaller quantities, drink less often, and get intoxicated on fewer occasions. [4][5][6] While the hypothesis of a convergence between drinking patterns of men and women has been debated over time, this hypothesis has found limited support.…”

“…4,7,8 In another way, gender differences in drinking go beyond drinking patterns. Men and women differ with regards to drinking contexts 3 and drinking motives. 9 These drinking practice dimensions are intertwined.…”

Understanding the Roles of Context, Frequency, and Quantity of Alcohol Consumption in Child Physical Abuse: Risks for Mothers and Fathers

“…These declines may be related to drinking contexts. A recent study found that both mothers and fathers report less frequent heavy drinking than non-parents, and that drinking contexts have gender-specific mediating effects (Paradis, 2011). For example, both mothers and fathers had a lower ratio of drinking at bars than non-parents, which was in turn associated with lower frequency of heavy drinking.…”

“…the location where drinking occurs or the type of drinking companion) and risk for physical abuse (Friesthler, 2011; Freisthler & Gruenewald, 2013). Furthermore, the focus on heavy drinking or alcohol use disorders in existing literature has also led to little understanding about relationships between physical abuse and lower levels of alcohol consumption, which are more common in the general population (SAMHSA, 2012) and among parents compared to non-parents (Paradis, 2011). More recent work has begun to disentangle the drinking context from the amount of alcohol consumed, finding that where a parent drinks is associated with physical abuse (Freisthler, 2011; Freisthler & Gruenewald, 2013).…”