Parenteral β-carotene administration to cows: effect on plasma levels, lipoprotein distribution and secretion in the milk

Schweigert, Florian J.; Eisele, W.

doi:10.1007/bf02021557

Cited by 17 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…It is known that the conversion of beta carotene into retinol may take 4 days in neonatal calves ( Nonnecke et al, 2000 ). Schweigert and Eisele, (1990) suggested the possibility of such conversion in mammary gland of lactating cows. Deuel et al, reported already in 1942 that dietary vitamin A supplementation resulted in the increase of plasma, colostrum and milk concentration of retinol but decreased carotenoid level both in milk and plasma.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Postpartum Relationship of Beta Carotene and Vitamin A between Placenta, Blood and Colostrum in Cows and their Newborns

Kankofer¹,

Albera²

2008

Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes

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Carotenoids are lipophilic compounds which are involved not only in scavenging reactive oxygen species but also in many important biochemical processes. Periparturient period is supposed to be connected with oxidative imbalance which can be detected in blood of mother and newborn. Colostrum contains antioxidants which should protect newborn from stressful conditions. The aim of present study was do evaluate the relationship of beta carotene and vitamin A concentration between placenta, blood and colostrum of cows and blood of their newborns. 12 pregnant, healthy cows and their newborns were included into study. The concentration of beta carotene and vitamin A were detected in homogenates of placental tissues obtained immediately after parturition as well as in blood of mother and newborn and colostrum. Additionally blood and colostrum samples were collected 24 hours after parturition. The determinations were performed by use of spectrophotometric method at 325 and 453 nm. The concentration of beta carotene was significantly higher in fetal as in maternal part of placenta. Plasma level significantly decreased during 24 h after parturition in cows but significantly increased in calves. Colostrum level remained relatively stable during examined time. The concentration of retinol was significantly higher in fetal as in maternal part of placenta. Plasma levels, significantly higher in cows as in calves, increased significantly during 24 h after parturition in mothers but remained unchanged in newborns. Colostral concentrations increased significantly during examined period of time. In conclusion, dynamic changes in carotenoid concentrations in placenta, blood of mother and newborn as well as in colostrum that occur during 24 h after parturition may indicate the importance of antioxidative defence at this time both for cow and calf.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Postpartum Relationship of Beta Carotene and Vitamin A between Placenta, Blood and Colostrum in Cows and their Newborns

Kankofer¹,

Albera²

2008

Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes

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“…2004). On the contrary in cows β ‐carotene injection resulted in three‐ to fourfold increase of this component in milk (Schweigert and Eisele 1990). Kume and Toharmat (2001) suggested that β ‐carotene status in 6 day old calves is dependent on colostrum concentration of this provitamin.…”

Section: Non‐enzymatic Antioxidants In Colostrummentioning

confidence: 99%

Antioxidants in Bovine Colostrum

Przybylska¹,

Albera²,

Kankofer³

2007

Reprod Domestic Animals

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Quality, content and properties of colostrum are crucial for the neonate and its further development. Due to essential differences between intrauterine and extrauterine environment, the neonate is exposed to oxidative stress conditions. Colostrum apart from nutrient and immunological components should contain antioxidative systems necessary for the protection against reactive oxygen species. This review describes available data on enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants in colostrum. Due to the fact that the literature concerning bovine colostrum is scanty, the information based on bovine mature milk determinations as well as other species is provided. Bovine colostrum is used not only by calves, but also for the production of hyperimmunized colostrum, medicines or feed supplements. Quality of colostrum influences quality of mature milk. This is another reason, except from health of neonate, why antioxidative properties of bovine colostrum are of special importance and require further detailed elucidation.

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“…For some herds b-carotene and/or atocopherol levels were lower in milks with off-flavour but this finding was not consistent. In a supplementation study (Schweigert & Eisele, 1990) a single intravenous or intramuscular injection of 100 or 500 mg b-carotene to cows was shown to increase milk b-carotene from 0´02± 0´05 mg/l to 0´13±0´16 mg/l and the maximum was attained approximately one week after injection. With respect to carotenoid stability during storage Ruas-Madiedo et al (1998) found that addition of carbon dioxide to milk followed by storage at 48C for one week after pasteurisation had little influence on the concentrations of b-carotene and a-tocopherol.…”

Section: Carotenoidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antioxidative factors in milk

2000

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Lipid auto-oxidation in milk is affected by a complex interplay of pro-and antioxidants. Several of these compounds are also important nutrients in the human diet and may have other physiological effects in the gastrointestinal tract and other tissues. Among antioxidative enzymes superoxide dismutase catalyses the dismutation of superoxide anion to hydrogen peroxide. The degradation of hydrogen peroxide can be catalysed by catalase and the selenoprotein glutathione peroxidase. The latter enzyme can also degrade lipid peroxides. Lactoferrin may have an important role by binding pro-oxidative iron ions. The occurrence of different forms of these antioxidative proteins in milk and available data on their functional role are reviewed. More remains to be learnt of individual compounds and as an example the potential role of seleno compounds in milk is virtually unknown. Antioxidative vitamins in milk can provide an important contribution to the daily dietary intake. Moreover vitamin E and carotenoids act as fat-soluble antioxidants, e.g. in the milk fat globule membrane, which is regarded as a major site of auto-oxidation. Vitamin C is an important water-soluble antioxidant and interacts in a complex manner with iron and fat-soluble antioxidants. The concentrations of these compounds in milk are affected by cow feeding rations and milk storage conditions. Since milk contains a number of antioxidants many reactions are possible and the specific function of each antioxidant cannot easily be defined. There are indications that other compounds may have antioxidative function and measurement of total antioxidative capacity should be a useful tool in evaluating their relative roles.

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Parenteral β-carotene administration to cows: effect on plasma levels, lipoprotein distribution and secretion in the milk

Cited by 17 publications

References 19 publications

Postpartum Relationship of Beta Carotene and Vitamin A between Placenta, Blood and Colostrum in Cows and their Newborns

Postpartum Relationship of Beta Carotene and Vitamin A between Placenta, Blood and Colostrum in Cows and their Newborns

Antioxidants in Bovine Colostrum

Antioxidative factors in milk

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