Antioxidants in Bovine Colostrum

Abstract

Quality, content and properties of colostrum are crucial for the neonate and its further development. Due to essential differences between intrauterine and extrauterine environment, the neonate is exposed to oxidative stress conditions. Colostrum apart from nutrient and immunological components should contain antioxidative systems necessary for the protection against reactive oxygen species. This review describes available data on enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants in colostrum. Due to the fact that the literature concerning bovine colostrum is scanty, the information based on bovine mature milk determinations as well as other species is provided. Bovine colostrum is used not only by calves, but also for the production of hyperimmunized colostrum, medicines or feed supplements. Quality of colostrum influences quality of mature milk. This is another reason, except from health of neonate, why antioxidative properties of bovine colostrum are of special importance and require further detailed elucidation.

Chemical composition and nutrient profile of low molecular weight fraction of bovine colostrum

“…This material, the colostrum low molecular weight fraction (CLMWF), is viewed as a by-product of IgG production, but may also be dried to create a stable, low moisture powder that is potentially suitable in its own right for use as a food ingredient or dietary supplement. Based on their higher molecular weights, certain antioxidants (lactoferrin), and antioxidant enzymes (lactoperoxidase, catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase) found in colostrum (Przybylska, Albera, & Kankofer, 2007) would be expected to be found with the Ig in the UF retentate. However, lower molecular weight water soluble substances (vitamins and nutrients, minerals, oligosaccharides, growth factors) if present in the colostrum, will be concentrated in the CLMWF.…”

Bıldırcınlarda Sıvı Kolostrumun Büyüme Performansı, Karkas Verimi, Seruloplazmin, Sialik Asit ve Bazı Antioksidan Düzeyleri Üzerine Etkisi

“…Lactoperoxidase, catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase are the important enzymatic antioxidants present in bovine colostrum. The high levels of these oxidants in colostrum may cause an increase in SOD levels in trial groups [28] .…”

Evaluation of blood and milk oxidative status during early postpartum of dairy cows

“…This substance escapes rumen degradation and is metabolized in the intestinal mucosa to retinol and absorbed and transported to the liver with fat (Chew, 1987). This vitamin is also present in colostrum and milk at high levels (Calderó n et al, 2007) and is endowed with strong ROS-scavenging properties, which strengthen the resistance to infectious diseases, particularly mastitis (Przybylska et al, 2007).…”

“…Among non-enzymatic antioxidants, a-tocopherol (a-toc) and carotenoids need to be mentioned (Lindmark-Mansson and Akesson, 2000;Havemose et al, 2004). a-Toc is the major out of eight components showing vitamin E activity and acts as a radical scavenger, protecting all phospholipid-containing membranes from peroxidation (Przybylska et al, 2007). Bovine maternal blood concentrations of vitamin E decrease rapidly towards parturition mainly for the high accumulation of this vitamin in the colostrum (Goff et al, 2002).…”

“…This substance escapes rumen degradation and is metabolized in the intestinal mucosa to retinol and absorbed and transported to the liver with fat (Chew, 1987). This vitamin is also present in colostrum and milk at high levels (Calderó n et al, 2007) and is endowed with strong ROS-scavenging properties, which strengthen the resistance to infectious diseases, particularly mastitis (Przybylska et al, 2007).The increase in ROS generation likely to occur around calving may overwhelm the antioxidant potential of the bovine maternal organism, making it prone to the development of many ROS-related alterations (Rizzo et al, 2007 and and infectious diseases such as mastitis (Malinowski and Gajewski, 2010).The leukocyte defences are depressed during the periparturient period. In particular, the neutrophil action could lead to inadequate clearance of the pathogens from the bovine udder (Contreras and Sordillo, 2011).…”