Parenteral Administration of L-Arginine Enhances Fetal Survival and Growth in Sheep Carrying Multiple Fetuses1–3

Lassala, Arantzatzu; Bazer, Fuller W.; Cudd, Timothy A.; Datta, Sujay; Keisler, D.H.; Satterfield, M. Carey; Spencer, Thomas E.

doi:10.3945/jn.111.138172

Cited by 104 publications

(85 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Similar results were observed for diet-induced obese ewes (Satterfield et al, 2012). Furthermore, intravenous administration of arginine (345 µmol arginine-HCl per kg BW three times daily) between days 100 and 121 of gestation reduced the percentage of lambs born dead by 23%, increased the percentage of lambs born alive by 59%, and enhanced birth weights of quadruplets by 23%, without affecting maternal body weight (Lassala et al, 2011). The beneficial effects of maternal arginine supplementation on pregnancy outcomes in sheep have been confirmed by other investigators (McCoard et al, 2016).…”

Section: Argininesupporting

confidence: 68%

Pregnancy recognition signals in mammals: the roles of interferons and estrogens

Bazer

Johnson

2017

Anim Reprod

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Reproduction is a highly complex biological process requiring a dialogue between the developing conceptus (embryo-fetus and associated placental membranes) and maternal uterus which must be established during the peri-implantation period for pregnancy recognition signaling and regulation of gene expression by uterine epithelial and stromal cells. The uterus provide a microenvironment in which molecules secreted by uterine epithelia or transported into the uterine lumen represent histotroph or the secretome required for growth and development of the conceptus and receptivity of the uterus to implantation by the conceptus. Pregnancy recognition signaling as related to sustaining the functional lifespan of the corpora lutea (CL) which produce progesterone; the hormone of pregnancy essential for uterine functions that support implantation and placentation required for successful outcomes of pregnancy. It is within the periimplantation period that most embryonic deaths occur in mammals due to deficiencies attributed to uterine functions or failure of the conceptus to develop appropriately, signal pregnancy recognition and/or undergo implantation and placentation. The endocrine status of the pregnant female and her nutritional status are critical for successful establishment and maintenance of pregnancy. The challenge is to understand the complexity of key mechanisms that are characteristic of successful reproduction and to use that knowledge to enhance fertility and reproductive health of animals including nonhuman primates. It is important to translate knowledge gained from studies of animals to address issues of fertility and reproductive health in humans.

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Section: Argininesupporting

confidence: 68%

Pregnancy recognition signals in mammals: the roles of interferons and estrogens

Bazer

Johnson

2017

Anim Reprod

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“…The sufficient Arg supply in late gestation may be beneficial for optimal fetal growth, because the uterine uptake of Arg only marginally met the requirement for fetal growth in late gestation (Wu et al, 1999). A recent study in prolific ewes also demonstrated the parenteral administration of Arg in late gestation significantly enhanced fetal growth and survival (Lassala et al, 2011). In fact, supplying sufficient Arg to sows during late gestation may be physiologically required, considering the critical role of Arg in increasing placental angiogenesis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This metabolic advantage is of vital importance for sows in late gestation, considering 50% of fetal weight is gained during the last 20 days of gestation (McPherson et al, 2004). Moreover, the metabolic wastes such as ammonia and β-hydroxybutyrate were also reduced when Arg was supplemented in late gestation (Lassala et al, 2011), and amino acids metabolism was normalized when weaning pigs received Arg supplementation (He et al, 2011). In this study, alanine was added in control diet to equalize nitrogen content across groups.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of dietary arginine supplementation on reproductive performance and immunity of sows

Che¹,

Yang²,

Fang³

et al. 2013

CZECH J ANIM SCI

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Arginine (Arg) is considered to have beneficial effects on placental development and function, as well as reproductive performance. The well-developed placenta is highly required in late gestation for rapid fetal growth, however, it is unknown if there is a crucial role of Arg in late gestation. Likewise, the immunological response of sows to Arg needs to be determined. Therefore, this study is designed to investigate the effects of dietary Arg supplementation on reproductive performance and immunity of sows. At day 30 of gestation, sixty sows (Landrace × Large White) were allocated to 3 groups receiving corn and soybean-based control diet (control group, n = 20), control diet supplemented with 1% l-arginine HCl until day 90 of gestation (Arg90 group, n = 20), and control diet supplemented with 1% l-arginine HCl until day 114 of gestation (Arg114 group, n = 20), respectively. Litter performance was recorded at parturition. Blood samples (n = 6) collected at days 30, 90, and 110 of gestation were measured for metabolic and immunological parameters. At parturition, total litter size was not affected by dietary Arg supplementation. As a result of less pigs born dead, however, sows in Arg114 group had more pigs born alive than sows in control group (+1.6 pigs, P < 0.05), total and live litter weights were increased (+1.6~2.1 kg, P < 0.05) in Arg114 group relative to both control and Arg90 groups. Compared with control group, dietary Arg supplementation increased (+12~110%, P < 0.05) plasma levels of ornithine, proline, and arginine at either day 90 (Arg90 and Arg110 groups) or day 110 of gestation (Arg110 group). Moreover, immune response was enhanced in Arg-supplemented sows, as indicated by the increased levels of serum immunoglobulin and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) antibody. These findings indicate dietary Arg supplementation can improve litter performance and immune response, and the beneficial effect of Arg on fetal growth is evident in late gestation.

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Section: The Ewementioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, the ovine placentome actively degrades Arg by arginase, but the porcine placenta lacks this pathway [16]. Notably, the ovine conceptus uses citrulline as an effective precursor of Arg to support fetal growth [38,39].The MTOR cell signaling pathway is an evolutionarily conserved serine/threonine kinase located downstream of PI3K that is central to control of cell growth and proliferation through regulation of mRNA translation for protein synthesis and cell proliferation [40]. Cellular events directly controlled by the MTOR pathway include mRNA translation, ribosome synthesis, expression of metabolismrelated genes, autophagy and cytoskeletal reorganization [41].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Select Nutrients in the Uterine Lumen of Sheep and Pigs Affect Conceptus Development

Bazer

Kim

et al. 2012

Journal of Reproduction and Development

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Abstract. Interferon tau (IFNT) is the pregnancy recognition signal from ruminant conceptuses. IFNT also acts with P4 to induce expression of genes for transport of nutrients, such as glucose (Gluc) and arginine (Arg) into the uterine lumen to activate mechanistic mammalian target of rapamycin (MTOR) cell signaling that stimulates proliferation, migration, gene transcription and mRNA translation by conceptus trophectoderm (Tr). In ewes, Arg and Gluc increase significantly in the uterine lumen between Days 10 and 15 of pregnancy due to increased expression of transporters for Gluc (SLC2A1 and SLC5A1) and Arg (SLC7A2B) by uterine epithelia. Arg and Gluc stimulate proliferation, migration and mRNA translation by Tr. Arg increases expression of GTP cyclohydrolase 1 (GCH1) and IFNT mRNAs while Arg and Gluc increase ornithine decarboxylase, nitric oxide synthase 2, and GCH1 mRNAs and proteins by Tr cells. GCH1 is required for synthesis of tetrahydrobiopterin, an essential cofactor for all NOS isoforms. Arg is metabolized to nitric oxide and polyamines that increase proliferation and migration of Tr cells. In pigs, Gluc, Arg, leucine (Leu) and glutamine (Gln) increase in the uterine lumen between Days 12 and 15 of pregnancy due to enhanced expression of transporters for Gluc and amino acids. Transporters for Gluc in porcine uterine LE (SLC2A1) and conceptus trophectoderm (SLC2A2) are abundant. Transporters for glutamate and neutral (SLC1A1, SLC1A4) and cationic (SLC7A1, SLC7A2, SLC7A7, SLC7A9) amino acids are expressed in uterine LE and SLC7A3 mRNA is expressed in conceptus Tr. Arg and Leu increase MTOR cell signaling and proliferation of pig Tr, as do Gluc and fructose. Azaserine, an inhibitor of hexosamine biosynthesis, inhibits effects of Gluc and fructose. Thus, select nutrients in the uterine lumen affect gene transcription and mRNA translation to affect conceptus development. Key words: Amino acids, Fructose, Glucose, Uterus conceptus development (J. Reprod. Dev. 58: [180][181][182][183][184][185][186][187][188] 2012) E stimates of embryonic death loss in mammals range from 20 to 40 percent and two-thirds of these losses occur during the peri-implantation period of pregnancy [1]. Establishment and maintenance of pregnancy requires appropriate development of the conceptus (embryo/fetus and its extra-embryonic membranes) for pregnancy recognition signaling to ensure maintenance of a functional corpus luteum (CL) to secrete progesterone (P4) that is required for an intrauterine environment that supports implantation, placentation and uterine functions essential for successful outcomes of pregnancy [2]. Interactions among the conceptus and uterine cell types, especially luminal (LE), superficial glandular (sGE) and glandular (GE) epithelia and stromal cells (SC), are essential for conceptus development, signaling for maternal recognition of pregnancy, uterine blood flow, water and electrolyte movement, transport of sugars and amino acids into the uterine lumen, as well as secretion of proteins by uterine epithelia...

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Parenteral Administration of L-Arginine Enhances Fetal Survival and Growth in Sheep Carrying Multiple Fetuses1–3

Cited by 104 publications

References 42 publications

Pregnancy recognition signals in mammals: the roles of interferons and estrogens

Pregnancy recognition signals in mammals: the roles of interferons and estrogens

Effects of dietary arginine supplementation on reproductive performance and immunity of sows

Select Nutrients in the Uterine Lumen of Sheep and Pigs Affect Conceptus Development

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