Parental dietary sucrose affects metabolic and antioxidant enzyme activities in Drosophila

Abstract

The influence of parental nutrition as a key environmental factor that can influence offspring performance has become a hot topic for modern investigations. In the current study using fruit flies, Drosophila melanogaster, we found the sucrose concentration of the diet in the parental generation had a significant influence on the metabolism and antioxidant defense of the next generation, even when that subsequent generation had been shifted to a standard diet. We found that low concentrations of dietary carbohydrate in the parental generation led to higher activities of lactate dehydrogenase, malate dehydrogenase (MDH) and alanine transaminase (ALT) enzymes and increased urea content in their progeny. Moreover, higher activities of the firstand second-line antioxidant defense enzymes were detected in F1 males generated from parents fed a low-carbohydrate diet. Low sucrose concentration in the parental diet resulted in increased levels of protein thiols but decreased the low-molecular-weight thiol group content in F1 males. The influence of different dietary sucrose concentrations also resulted in sex-dependent differences, where MDH, ALT, glutathione-S-transferase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and isocitrate dehydrogenase activities and levels of thiol groups were unaffected in F1 females. The results highlight the transgenerational influence that specific dietary macronutrients provided in the parental diet, namely carbohydrates, can have on the next generation, influencing enzyme activities, metabolic pathways and antioxidant defenses in progeny Drosophila.

Dietary Sucrose Determines Stress Resistance, Oxidative Damages, and Antioxidant Defense System in Drosophila

“…We have previously shown the transgenerational influence that specific dietary macronutrients provided in the parental diet, namely carbohydrates, can have on the next generation, influencing enzyme activities, metabolic pathways, and antioxidant defenses in progeny Drosophila [ 30 ]. In current work, we investigated the influence of sucrose content in the diet on stress resistance, antioxidant defense system, and free radical processes.…”

Dietary protein defines stress resistance, oxidative damages and antioxidant defense system in Drosophila melanogaster

“…Moreover, we demonstrated that lifespan and metabolism, are affected by dietary sucrose content [26]. We also previously studied that variable sucrose content in the diet of parental generation affects antioxidant capacity in adult offspring Drosophila [27]. Several research investigations have described the impact of dietary restriction on lifespan in Drosophila that mainly depends on the protein content rather than the effect of reduced sugar intake [8].…”

Chili pepper extends lifespan in a concentration-dependent manner and confers cold resistance on Drosophila melanogaster cohorts by influencing specific metabolic pathways

“…Activities of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH, EC 1.1.1.27) were measured as described by Gospodaryov et al , 26 whereas alanine transaminase (ALT, EC 2.6.1.2) and aspartate transaminase (AST, EC 2.6.1.1) were assayed using standard kits as described previously. 27…”

“…Activities of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH, EC 1.1.1.27) were measured as described by Gospodaryov et al, 26 whereas alanine transaminase (ALT, EC 2.6.1.2) and aspartate transaminase (AST, EC 2.6.1.1) were assayed using standard kits as described previously. 27 For HK, PFK and PK assays, the supernatants were prepared as described above except flies were homogenized in 50 mM imidazole buffer ( pH 7.5) with 0.5 mM EDTA, 1 mM PMSF, 1 mM dithiothreitol, 20 mM NaF, and 150 mM KCl. Activities of hexokinase (HK, 2.7.1.1), phosphofructokinase (PFK, EC 2.7.1.11), and pyruvate kinase (PK, 2.7.1.40) were measured as described previously.…”