Parent Perceptions of Social Behaviors Associated With Autism Spectrum Disorder Are Related to Motor Skills

Gladfelter, Allison; Johnson, Erik R.; Odeh, Christina

doi:10.1177/1525740119864614

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The overarching aim of this systematic review was to determine whether motor-based interventions could lead to improved language outcomes in children with ASD. The results of this investigation were consistent with the increasing body of research that described a complex relationship between development in motor and communication skills in these children [9,10,27]. Although some of the specific language and motor results were mixed, 12 of the 13 included studies reported beneficial language outcomes in children with ASD who participated in motor-based interventions.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Motor-based interventions improve language outcomes in children with autism: a systematic review

Odeh¹,

Martell²,

Griffin³

et al. 2020

Clin Arch Commun Disord

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Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) show motor deficits in addition to the social communication and repetitive behaviors characteristic of the disorder. However, these deficits have traditionally been targeted independently during intervention. The primary purpose of this systematic review was to determine whether interventions with motor targets improved language or social communication outcomes in individuals with ASD. Methods: Five databases were searched using the following terms:autis*, asper*, motor*, therap*, interven*, and treat*. After eliminating irrelevant and duplicate articles, 74 articles underwent full text review to determine whether they met the inclusionary/exclusionary criteria. The 15 included articles were then checked for inter-rater reliability and appraised for the quality of their research design, treatment fidelity, and interobserver agreement. Following the quality appraisals, 13 included articles were analyzed for final data extraction. Results: Of the 13 included studies, 12 showed at least one increased language outcome, seven demonstrated at least one increased motor outcome, and one revealed no significant change in either language or motor outcomes. Conclusions: Consistent with previous research, many of the children with ASD presented weaknesses in both motor and language skills. In most studies, the motor-based interventions led to an increase in language skills, indicating language and motor system interdependence. These findings also suggest that co-treatment between physical therapists and occupational therapists alongside speech-language pathologists may be warranted when working with children with ASD.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Motor-based interventions improve language outcomes in children with autism: a systematic review

Odeh¹,

Martell²,

Griffin³

et al. 2020

Clin Arch Commun Disord

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“…While independent associations between gross motor impairments and socialization were not discovered, outcomes did suggest that children on the autism spectrum who experienced the greatest gross motor impairments also demonstrated poor socialization domain scores. Next, a recently published report suggests motor skills were found to correlate with parental report of delays in social responsiveness [Gladfelter, Johnson, & Odeh, 2020]. Parents from 20 children including 8 with ASD (aged 4–12) responded to questions from the Social Responsiveness Scale—2 Edition [SRS; Constantino & Gruber, 2005]; while motor skills were assessed by objective measurement on the M‐ABC [Henderson et al, 2007] outcomes revealed that more impaired social skills based on the SRS correlated with lower subscale motor scores [Gladfelter et al, 2020].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Next, a recently published report suggests motor skills were found to correlate with parental report of delays in social responsiveness [Gladfelter, Johnson, & Odeh, 2020]. Parents from 20 children including 8 with ASD (aged 4–12) responded to questions from the Social Responsiveness Scale—2 Edition [SRS; Constantino & Gruber, 2005]; while motor skills were assessed by objective measurement on the M‐ABC [Henderson et al, 2007] outcomes revealed that more impaired social skills based on the SRS correlated with lower subscale motor scores [Gladfelter et al, 2020]. Finally, Craig et al [2018], which we noted earlier for comparing children with ASD and ID to children with ID only, also found that lower proficiency in aiming and catching skills from the M‐ABC were associated with greater severity in social communication deficits on the SRS.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relationship Between Developmental Coordination Disorder and Concurrent Deficits in Social Communication and Repetitive Behaviors Among Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

2021

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Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), characterized by core deficits in social communication and restrictive behaviors, can exhibit concurrent motor incoordination and/or intellectual disability (ID). While pervasive delays in motor behavior are common, formal diagnosis of Development Coordination Disorder (DCD) is uncommon. It is not clear how DCD and ID impact core deficits in ASD. This study utilized the Simons Foundation SPARK cohort to describe the scope of motor incoordination among children with ASD and examine the interrelationships between DCD risk, ID, and ASD core deficits. 10,234 children with ASD, between the ages of 5 and 15 years, were included in the analysis. Parents completed online versions of the DCD Questionnaire (DCD‐Q), Social Communication Questionnaire (SCQ) and Restrictive Behavior Scale (RBS‐R). 85% of children with ASD had DCD‐Q scores consistent with being at‐risk for DCD, but only 14% reported a formal diagnosis. Children with ID exhibited significantly greater motor incoordination compared to children without ID (P < 0.001). Significantly, greater core deficits were identified in both children at‐risk for DCD (P < 0.001) and with ID (P < 0.001). However, the effects of DCD risk were independent of ID and exhibited a medium effect size for SCQ (η2p = 0.063) and a small effect size for RBS‐R (η2p = 0.04) scores. Collectively, study outcomes reinforce the pervasiveness of motor incoordination among children with ASD, both with and without concurrent ID, and provide further justification for the inclusion of motor behavior in the early intervention and prescription for children with ASD. Lay Summary This secondary data analysis of the Simons Foundation SPARK cohort found high rates (85%) of DCD risk among children with ASD. Deficits in motor coordination were greater among children with ASD with concurrent ID diagnoses. Meaningful differences in ASD core deficits (social communication and repetitive behaviors) were independently found in children at risk for DCD, both with and without ID. Autism Res 2021, 14: 804–816. © 2021 International Society for Autism Research and Wiley Periodicals LLC

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“…Motor differences in autistic children have been widely reported [3,4,86], and may point to an early diagnostic indicator of ASD [5]. In particular, poor postural control, necessary to maintain upright balance, in infants as young as 6 months of age is one of the earliest identified indicators of ASD [7].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Urgent Need for Neuroscience Research to Consider Culture when Assessing the Development of Gait in Autistic Children: A Scoping Review

Buac¹,

Ibarra²,

Torres³

et al. 2023

J. Integr. Neurosci.

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Background: Over the last decade, there has been a steady increase in the number of children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) on a global scale, impacting all racial and cultural groups. This increase in the diagnostic rate has prompted investigation into a myriad of factors that may serve as early signs of ASD. One of these factors includes the biomechanics of gait, or the manner of walking. Although ASD is a spectrum, many autistic children experience differences in gross motor function, including gait. It has been documented that gait is also impacted by racial and cultural background. Given that ASD is equally prevalent across all cultural backgrounds, it is urgent that studies assessing gait in autistic children consider the impact of cultural factors on children's development of gait. The purpose of the present scoping review was to assess whether recent empirical research studies focusing on gait in autistic children have taken culture into account. Methods: To do so, we conducted a scoping review following PRISMA guidelines using a keyword searching with the terms autism, OR autism spectrum disorder, OR ASD, OR autis, AND gait OR walking in the following databases: CINAHL, ERIC (EBSCO), Medline, ProQuest Nursing & Allied Health Source, PsychInfo, PubMed, and Scopus. Articles were considered for review if they met all six of the following inclusionary criteria: (1) included participants with a diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), (2) directly measured gait or walking, (3) the article was a primary study, (4) the article was written in English, (5) participants included children up to age 18, and (6) the article was published between 2014 and 2022. Results: A total of 43 articles met eligibility criteria but none of the articles took culture into account in the data analysis process. Conclusions: There is an urgent need for neuroscience research to consider cultural factors when assessing gait characteristics of autistic children. This would allow for more culturally responsive and equitable assessment and intervention planning for all autistic children.

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Parent Perceptions of Social Behaviors Associated With Autism Spectrum Disorder Are Related to Motor Skills

Cited by 8 publications

References 15 publications

Motor-based interventions improve language outcomes in children with autism: a systematic review

Motor-based interventions improve language outcomes in children with autism: a systematic review

The Relationship Between Developmental Coordination Disorder and Concurrent Deficits in Social Communication and Repetitive Behaviors Among Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

The Urgent Need for Neuroscience Research to Consider Culture when Assessing the Development of Gait in Autistic Children: A Scoping Review

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