Parent‐inbred Progeny Relationships of Selected Orchardgrass Clones<sup>1</sup>

Kalton, R. R.; Smit, A; Leffel, R. C.

doi:10.2134/agronj1952.00021962004400090007x

Cited by 39 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 2 publications

(8 reference statements)

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“…Although we did not exhaustively search the literature, we found four papers on forage grasses in which the covariances between relatives probably contained environmental covariances since the relatives used in the analyses were in the same plot (2,6,8,9). Some of the heritabilities and correlations between relatives reported in these papers may have been inflated by environmental covariances.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parent‐Progeny Regression in Indiangrass: Inflation of Heritability Estimates by Environmental Covariances¹

Vogel¹,

Haskins²,

Gorz

1980

Crop Science

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Families of two indiangrass [Sorghastrum nutans (L.) Nash] populations were used in this study with a family plot consisting of a parental clone and four half‐sib progeny. The experimental design was a randomized complete block with two replications. The regression of offspring on the parent in the same plot was used to obtain heritability estimates in which environmental covariances might be expected to inflate the parent‐offspring covariance. The regression of offspring in one replication with its parent in another replication, and vice versa, was used to obtain heritability estimates whereby environmental covariances should be minimized. Heritability estimates for heading date and plant height, which had high heritabilities, were similar for the two estimation techniques. Heritability estimates for forage yield and in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) appeared to be influenced by environmental covariances. Mean heritability estimates for forage yield and IVDMD for the three sets of data analyzed were 0.64 and 0.94 respectively, when parents and offspring in the same plot were used in the regression analyses and 0.28 and 0.42 respectively, when parents and offspring in different plots were used. Heritability estimates for forage protein content averaged 0.49 and were similar for both methods of estimation.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parent‐Progeny Regression in Indiangrass: Inflation of Heritability Estimates by Environmental Covariances¹

Vogel¹,

Haskins²,

Gorz

1980

Crop Science

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“…Inbreeding depression in tetrasomic polyploids, such as orchard grass, has been linked to the rapid loss of second-and third-order allelic interactions (Busbice and Wilsie 1966). In orchard grass, inbreeding depression for several agronomic characteristics has been reported by Stapledon (1931) and Kalton et al (1952). Additionally, Borrill (1967) observed considerable aneuploidy in the C, generation (first generation of colchicine-doubled plants) of D. glomerata L. ssp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Identification and frequency of tetraploid progeny from 2x–4x and 4x–2x crosses in Dactylis

Santen¹,

Hugessen²,

Casler³

1991

Genome

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1991. Identification and frequency of tetraploid progeny from 2x-4x and 4x-2x crosses in Dactylis. Genome, 34: 273-278. The utilization of diploid germ plasm in the improvement of tetraploid orchard grass (Dactylis glomerata L. ssp. glomerata Hayek) requires some means of polyploidization. Studies in several different crop species have shown that sexual polyploidization has the advantage of transmitting a large proportion of heterozygosity from the parent to the offspring. In tetrasomic tetraploids, maximum heterozygosity is a necessary requirement for maximum heterosis. The objective of this research was to investigate the occurrence of 2n eggs and 2n pollen in several sources of wild diploid germ plasm, by quantifying the frequency of 4x genotypes among the progeny of interploidy crosses. Pollen diameter was determined in 110 diploid genotypes. These genotypes were then ranked for five descriptive statistics based on diameter (maximum, 75th percentile, median, arithmetic mean, mode). The eight top-ranking genotypes in four of the five categories were crossed to male-sterile 4x seed parents. Randomly selected diploid genotypes were also crossed as seed parents to 4x genotypes. Tetraploid progeny were recovered from both types of crosses. Of 57 2x genotypes, 15 produced 2n eggs. Of the 8 large pollen diameter genotypes, 6 produced 4x progeny in relative frequencies of 3-100070. The success of recovery was dependent on the genotype of the pollen parent as well as the seed parent. Of the 6 genotypes producing 2n pollen, 2 also produced 2n eggs, resulting in the recovery of tetraploids from selfed progeny. VAN SANTEN, E., HUGESSEN, P. M., et CASLER, M. D. 1991. Identification and frequency of tetraploid progeny from 2x-4x and 4x-2x crosses in Dactylis. Genome, 34 : 273-278. L'utilisation de plasma germinal diploi'de pour l'amklioration du Dactyle peletonne tktraploi'de (Dactylis glomerata L. ssp. glomerata Hayek) nkcessite le recours a certains moyens de polyploi'disation. Des Ctudes chez plusieurs espkcescultivkes diffkrentes ont montrC que la polyploi'disation sexuke a l'avantage de transmettre une large part de I'hCtCrozy-gositC des parents aux descendants. Chez des tCtraploi'des tCtrasomiques, un maximum d'hCtCrozygositC est nkcessaire pour l'obtention d'un maximum d'hetkrosis. L'objectif de cette recherche a Ct C : d'investiguer l'occurrence d'oosphkres 2n et de pollen 2n chez plusieurs sources indigknes de plasma germinal diploi'de par quantifier la frkquence de gCnotypes 4x chez les descendants de croisements entre deux ploi'dies. Le diamktre des grains de pollen a Ct C dktermink chez 110 gCnotypes diploi'des. Ces gknotypes ont ensuite Ct C classCs selon cinq catkgories statistiques baskes sur le diamktre : le maximum, le 75' percentile, la mCdiane, la moyenne arithmktique et le mode. Les huit gCnotypes qui se sont classCs premiers pour quatre des cinq catkgories statistiques ont Ct C croisCs avec des parents miiles stkriles, producteurs de grains 4x. Des descandants tCtraploi'des ont kt6 recouvrks chez les ...

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“…Within North America, various studies examined the level of genetic variation and heritability in numerous sources of orchardgrass germplasm for both forage yield and quality traits. Genetic variation for forage yield ranged from low to moderate (Kalton et al, 1952; Carlson and Moll, 1962; Shenk and Westerhaus, 1981; Casler, 1988; Casler, 1991). Evaluations of orchardgrass germplasm also identified substantial levels of genetic variation and heritability for quality traits, including digestibility and cell wall contents (Stratton et al, 1979; Shenk and Westerhaus, 1981).…”

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confidence: 99%

Genetic Variation for Dry Matter Yield, Forage Quality, and Seed Traits Among the Half‐Sib Progeny of Nine Orchardgrass Germplasm Populations

et al. 2015

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A potential strategy to address the lack of success of North American orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) breeding programs to increase forage yield and other agronomic traits is the incorporation of novel sources of germplasm. In an attempt to identify novel orchardgrass germplasm sources with agronomic potential, the study described herein characterized 162 half‐sib families (HSFs) from six orchardgrass germplasm populations and three orchardgrass cultivars. Study conditions were Millville, UT, and Rexburg, ID, field sites with data collection from 2008 to 2010. The genotype × location interaction variance differed from zero for dry matter yield, crude protein, in vitro true digestibility (IVTD), neutral detergent fiber, and seed weight. Within location broad‐sense heritability differed for all traits at both locations (0.36 ±0.10 to 0.77 ±0.03) except IVTD at Rexburg. For each trait there were HSFs that possessed values similar to or better than the included check cultivars (CCs). Additionally, in several instances the mean phenotype of the HSFs from a specific family was better than the phenotype of the corresponding parental population and/or the mean phenotype of the CCs. Overall, for each trait there existed sufficient genetic variation to develop an elite orchardgrass breeding program for irrigated conditions.

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Parent‐inbred Progeny Relationships of Selected Orchardgrass Clones¹

Cited by 39 publications

References 2 publications

Parent‐Progeny Regression in Indiangrass: Inflation of Heritability Estimates by Environmental Covariances¹

Parent‐Progeny Regression in Indiangrass: Inflation of Heritability Estimates by Environmental Covariances¹

Identification and frequency of tetraploid progeny from 2x–4x and 4x–2x crosses in Dactylis

Genetic Variation for Dry Matter Yield, Forage Quality, and Seed Traits Among the Half‐Sib Progeny of Nine Orchardgrass Germplasm Populations

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Parent‐inbred Progeny Relationships of Selected Orchardgrass Clones1

Cited by 39 publications

References 2 publications

Parent‐Progeny Regression in Indiangrass: Inflation of Heritability Estimates by Environmental Covariances1

Parent‐Progeny Regression in Indiangrass: Inflation of Heritability Estimates by Environmental Covariances1

Identification and frequency of tetraploid progeny from 2x–4x and 4x–2x crosses in Dactylis

Genetic Variation for Dry Matter Yield, Forage Quality, and Seed Traits Among the Half‐Sib Progeny of Nine Orchardgrass Germplasm Populations

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Parent‐inbred Progeny Relationships of Selected Orchardgrass Clones¹

Parent‐Progeny Regression in Indiangrass: Inflation of Heritability Estimates by Environmental Covariances¹

Parent‐Progeny Regression in Indiangrass: Inflation of Heritability Estimates by Environmental Covariances¹