Identification and frequency of tetraploid progeny from 2x–4x and 4x–2x crosses in Dactylis

Santen, Edzard van; Hugessen, P. M.; Casler, M. D.

doi:10.1139/g91-043

Cited by 24 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…It was argued that for direct bilateral sexual polyploidization, the mean frequency of 2n gamete production in a diploid population is so low that the chance of spontaneous tetraploidization, by fusion of two 2n gametes is negligible. However, some spontaneous bilateral sexual polyploids have been reported in Manihot esculenta (Hahn et al 1990), Dactylis glomerata (Van Santen et al 1991) and Cyphomandra betacea (Pringle and Murray 1992). It was found in the present study that interspecific F1 LA hybrids produced both 2n pollen and 2n eggs resulted in tetraploid or near tetraploid (aneuploid) progenies (Table 3).…”

Section: Bilateral Sexual Polyploidizationmentioning

confidence: 42%

“…As mentioned earlier bilateral sexual polyploidization is rarer than its unilateral counterpart, the few known cases involved were Trifolium pratense , Solanum (Jongedijk et al 1991;Werner and Peloquin 1991), Avena sativa haploids (Rines and Dahleen 1990), Dactylis glomerata L. (Van Santen et al 1991;Lumaret et al 1992), Triticum-Aegilops hybrids (Fukuda and Sakamoto 1992), Madicago spp. (Barcaccia et al 1998), Triticum turgidum haploids (Jauhar et al 2000), Manihot esculenta (Ogburia et al 2002), and Alstroemeria ).…”

Section: Bilateral Sexual Polyploidizationmentioning

confidence: 93%

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Relevance of unilateral and bilateral sexual polyploidization in relation to intergenomic recombination and introgression in Lilium species hybrids

et al. 2009

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Sexual polyploids were induced in diploid (2n = 2x = 24) interspecific F1 hybrids of Longiflorum 9 Asiatic (LA) and Oriental 9 Asiatic (OA) Lilium hybrids by backcrossing to Asiatic (AA) parents as well as by sib-mating of the F1 LA hybrids. A majority of the BC1 progenies were triploid and the progenies from sib-mating were tetraploid or near tetraploids. Genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) technique was applied to assess the intergenomic recombination in the BC1 populations of LA and OA hybrids obtained after unilateral sexual polyploidization. A total of 63 LA (LA 9 AA and AA 9 LA) and 53 OA hybrids were analysed. LA hybrids were originated through the functioning of 2n gametes either as 2n eggs or 2n pollen while those of OA hybrids originated through functional 2n pollen of diploid OA genotype. In both type of crosses, a majority of the progenies had originated through First Division Restitution (FDR) mechanism of functional 2n gamete either with or without a cross over. However, there were nine LA-and four OA-genotypes where Indeterminate Meiotic Restitution (IMR) was the mechanism of 2n gamete formation. Based on GISH, total amount of introgression of Longiflorum and Oriental genome into Asiatic genome was determined. Most of the BC progenies exhibited recombination and the amount of recombination was higher in LA hybrids as compared to OA hybrids. Intergenomic recombination was also determined cytologically in the 16 plants of sib-mated LA hybrids where both parents had contributed 2n gametes. Based on these results the nature of interspecific lily hybrids obtained from uni-and bilateral sexual polyploidization leading to allotriploid and allotetraploid formation is discussed in the context of introgression and intergenomic recombination.

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Section: Bilateral Sexual Polyploidizationmentioning

confidence: 42%

Section: Bilateral Sexual Polyploidizationmentioning

confidence: 93%

Relevance of unilateral and bilateral sexual polyploidization in relation to intergenomic recombination and introgression in Lilium species hybrids

et al. 2009

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“…F. Bretagnolle and jf. D. Thompson 1989;Orjeda et al, 1990;Veronesi et al, 1990;Wagenvoort et al, 1990;Iwanaga et al, \99\b;Van Santen, Hugessen & Casler, 1991;Maceira ei a/., 1992;Ray & Tokach, 1992;Jansen & Den Nijs, 1993). Screening 2n pollen, based on the size and shape of the grain, is, however, only possible in species where diflferences are known to occur between haploid and diploid pollen grains (Myers, Gritton & Struckmeyer, 1984;Parrott & Smith, 1984;Parrott & Smith, 19866).…”

Section: Morphological Screening To Detect 2n Pollenmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several studies of unilateral or bilateral sexual polyploidization have shown that the triploid block may have either a small (Taylor & Wiseman, 1987 ;Pringle & Murray, \992a,b) or very strong effect (Dweikat & Lyrene, 1988;Negri & Veronesi, 1989;Werner & Peloquin, 1991a). In the majority of cases, however, the triploid block has not been found to be sufificiently strong to prevent the production of triploid seeds (Den Nijs & Stephenson, 1988;Van Santen et al, 1991;De Haan et al, 1992;Maceira et al, 1992;Needham & Erickson, 1992). Furthermore, the production of triploids in reciprocal 2x-4x crosses may occur in only one direction, usually when the 4x parent is the female, as a result of the requirement imposed by the Endosperm Balance Number concept (see section II.3).…”

Section: Triploid Bridge Hypothesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Gametes with the somatic chromosome number: mechanisms of their formation and role in the evolution of autopolyploid plants

1995

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summary The production of 2n gametes in plants, i.e. gametes with a somatic chromosome number, is considered to be the dominant process involved in the origin of polyploid plants. In this review, we provide a synthesis of current knowledge concerning the production of 2n gametes. Firstly, we describe the different methods used to detect and quantify the production of 2n gametes in plants, which include morphological and flow cytometry screening of the occurrence of 2n pollen, the analysis of crosses among diploid and tetraploid parents and the instigation of micro‐and mega‐sporogenesis. Secondly, the high level of inter‐ and infra‐specific variation in 2n gametes production is described. Thirdly, the various cytological anomalies responsible for the production of 2n gametes are reviewed, with particular reference to the relative genetic consequences of the first and second restitution divisions that give rise to 2n gametes. Fourthly, the significance of 2n gametes in crop plant improvement is discussed, in relation to somatic chromosome doubling to obtain new polyploid varieties. In particular, we compare the genetic and yield consequences of methods based on unilateral and bilateral sexual polyploidization. Finally, we outline how knowledge of the variety of mechanisms involved in 2n gamete production have increased our understanding of the evolutionary significance of polyploidy and the population biology of polyploid plants.

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“…Moreover, Carroll & Borrill (1965), and more recently. Van Santen, Hugessen & Casler (1991), who studied pollen fertility in interploid crosses involving numerous diploid and tetraploid subspecies of Dactylis glornerata, found no evidence of male sterility in tetraploid progeny. In addition to the possibility of male sterility induced by the climatic conditions in Montpellier (hot and dry summers), the occurrence of either disturbance in chromosome pairing or of genetic imbalance due to the association of genomes derived from taxonomically \ery distinct parents, such as been described by Jackson & Casey (1980) could explain male fertility in first generation tetraploids derived from 2w gametes.…”

Section: Comparative Fertility Of 2n Gametes and Normal («) Gamete Prmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flowering characteristics and fertility of interploidy progeny from normal and 2n gametes in Dactylis glomerata L.

et al. 1993

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We performed an extensive experiment to compare male fertility, flowering period, seed set and germination rate between triploid and tetraploid cross-progeny of Dactylis glomerata L. originating trom reciprocal diploid (2.\) X tetraploid (4.t) crosses. Four hundred and forty-five triploid and tetraploid individuals, constituting the cross progeny of 2x-Ax reciprocal crosses between diploids from nine distinct subspecies, and tetraploids trom tive subspecies, were tested for male fertility and phenology under homogeneous conditions. X significant negative correlation was observed between the parental genetic distance and the frequency of sterile panicles (Sl^) in 3.\-progeny, suggesting that selection may occur against fertilit\' in triploid progeny from interploid crosses involving closely related subspecies. Genetic distance between the parental subspecies was not significantly correlated with the frequency of fertile panicles {V'Y), non-spreadmg panicles (NT, non-dehiscent anthers with pollen inside), and ST panicles in the Ax progeny, nor with the frequency of ¥T and NT panicles in the 3.\: progeny. .A.mong the 4.v progeny individuals that produced panicles, more than 60",, were fully fertile, but 24",, possessed only sterile panicles. In the triploids, 63 "" of the reproductive plants were male-sterile, but 31 ",, had variable proportions of fertile panicles and 6"o possessed only fertile panicles. Male fertility in the progeny was signiticantly aftected by individual ploidy level, parental diploid subspecies identity, and by the interaction between these 2 factors in the case of the fertile progeny plants. The frequency of vegetative plants was higher in 4.Y progeny than in 3.\-progeny, more particularly when the seed parent was tetraploid. However, when the seed parent was diploid, the frequencies of vegetative plants were similar in 3.v and 4A progeny. Pollen viability was significantly higher in anthers from fertile panicles than in anthers from non-spreadmg panicles; viability of pollen from non-spreading panicles was, in turn, significantly higher than in sterile panicles. Also, seed set was higher in panicles with fertile anthers than in the two other types. However, seeds from plants with fertile, non-spreading and sterile anthers showed no differences m germination rate. Therefore, in Dcictylis glomerata, tetraploid cross progeny arising from 2ri gametes possess higher fertility, on average, than triploid cross progeny involving normal gametes. In addition to lower male fertility (non-spreadmg or atrophied anthers), the triploids also showed signiticantly lower pollen fertility in anthers and lower seed set in open pollinating conditions, probably because disturbance in meiosis, due to odd chromosome associations, also occurs in eggs. Moreover, triploids were observed to reproduce preferentiallv with individuals possessing the same ploidy levels as their seed parent. These results suggest that the production of 4.x-individuals, derived from 2ii gametes m interploid crosses, is likely to be the main ...

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Identification and frequency of tetraploid progeny from 2x–4x and 4x–2x crosses in Dactylis

Cited by 24 publications

References 14 publications

Relevance of unilateral and bilateral sexual polyploidization in relation to intergenomic recombination and introgression in Lilium species hybrids

Relevance of unilateral and bilateral sexual polyploidization in relation to intergenomic recombination and introgression in Lilium species hybrids

Gametes with the somatic chromosome number: mechanisms of their formation and role in the evolution of autopolyploid plants

Flowering characteristics and fertility of interploidy progeny from normal and 2n gametes in Dactylis glomerata L.

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