Parent, Family, and Neighborhood Effects on the Development of Child Substance Use and Other Psychopathology From Preschool to the Start of Adulthood

Abstract

ABSTRACT. Objective:We examined the long-term effects of childhood familial and neighborhood risk on adolescent substance use and psychiatric symptomatology. Method: This study used data from an ongoing 2-decade long study that recruited alcoholic and neighborhood control families through fathers' drunk-driving records and door-to-door canvassing in a four county area. The sample included 220 male, initially 3-to 5-year-old children of the participant families, who received inhome assessments at baseline and thereafter at 3-year intervals. Parental lifetime psychopathology and offspring symptomatology at ages 18-20 were assessed by semistructured diagnostic interviews. Census tract variables were used to indicate neighborhood characteristics. Results: The isomorphic parental symptomatology predicted offspring psychopathology. For marijuana-use disorder, major depressive disorder, and nicotine dependence, the other parental comorbidities were also signifi cant predictors. Neighborhood residential instability in childhood contributed to the development of late adolescent alcohol-use disorder, marijuana-use disorder, major depressive disorder, antisocial personality disorder, and nicotine-dependence symptomatology. Although lower family socioeconomic status in childhood contributed to more adolescent marijuana-use disorder, major depressive disorder, and nicotine-dependence symptoms, neighborhood socioeconomic status did not predict adolescent psychopathology. Longitudinal changes in neighborhood environments from early childhood to adolescence had signifi cant effects on alcohol-use disorder, marijuana-use disorder, and major depressive disorder symptoms in late adolescence. A higher frequency of family mobility from early childhood to adolescence predicted more nicotine-dependence symptoms in late adolescence. Conclusions: Findings indicate that parental psychopathology, family socioeconomic status, and neighborhood residential instability are all important risk factors for the development of substance-use disorder and other comorbid psychopathology. Intervention programming might effectively use these early parental psychopathology indicators to identify risk and might target community activity to stabilize the social environment and provide youth services to counteract the effects of family transience. (J. Stud. Alcohol Drugs 70: [489][490][491][492][493][494][495][496][497][498] 2009)

Drinking Behavior and Sources of Alcohol: Differences Between Native American and White Youths

“…For example, proximity of alcohol outlets and outlet density have been related to youth drinking and drinking problems (e.g., Chen et al, 2010;Huckle et al, 2008;Treno et al, 2003;Truong and Sturm, 2009) and to the likelihood of using social and commercial sources of alcohol (Paschall et al, 2007). Likewise, neighborhood characteristics-such as residential instability, percentage in poverty, and overall disadvantage-have been found to be related to increased adolescent drug and alcohol use (Buu et al, 2009;Duncan et al, 2002;Winstanley et al, 2008).…”

Tobacco, alcohol, cannabis and other illegal drug use among young adults: The socioeconomic context

“…Based on evidence that any illegal drug use bears health and social risks (Huas et al, 2008), we also study past 12-months consumption of cannabis and other illegal drugs. Analyses account for participants' familial and own juvenile characteristics which can predict socioeconomic position and substance abuse later in life (family socioeconomic background, parental history of tobacco and alcohol use, participants' psychological problems and academic difficulties while growing up) (Buu et al, 2009;Fothergill and Ensminger, 2006b), as well as participants' relationship and parenthood status in young adulthood (Merline et al, 2004;Staff et al, 2010). Data from this study add to current knowledge on factors associated with substance-related difficulties in young adults, especially with regard to workforce and family life characteristics.…”

Adapting the ASSIST model of informal peer-led intervention delivery to the Talk to FRANK drug prevention programme in UK secondary schools (ASSIST + FRANK): intervention development, refinement and a pilot cluster randomised controlled trial

“…6 The lifetime prevalence of illicit drug use at 18 months was 9.5% in the ASSIST arm, 9.7% in the FRANK friends arm, 15.1% in the +FRANK arm and 11.7% in the usual practice arm. There was an imbalance in baseline risk factors for drug use, with living without an adult in employment 53 and in social housing 54,55 more common in the +FRANK arm than in the other arms. This imbalance is likely to be attributable to the small number of schools per arm.…”