Parathyroid Carcinoma

Arrangoiz, Rodrigo; Ridge, John A.

doi:10.1002/9781118464557.ch12

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…It typically measures 6 mm × 4 mm × 2 mm and weighs 40 mg to 60 mg [4] [6] [11]. Most people have four parathyroid glands.…”

Section: Anatomy Of the Parathyroid Glandsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The superior glands usually are dorsal to the RLN at the level of the cricoid cartilage, whereas the inferior parathyroid glands are located ventral to the nerve [4] [13]. The normal parathyroid glands are semitransparent and gray in color in newborns but appear golden yellow to light brown in adults [11]. The color of the parathyroid glands depends on several factors such as the cellularity, fat content, and vascularity.…”

Section: Anatomy Of the Parathyroid Glandsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Parathyroid Embryology, Anatomy, and Pathophysiology of Primary Hyperparathyroidism

Arrangoiz¹,

Cordera²,

Caba³

et al. 2017

IJOHNS

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Unregulated overproduction of parathyroid hormone (PTH) from an abnormal parathyroid gland is the origin of primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT). Patients who have an elevated serum calcium concentration have a problem in one or more of their parathyroid glands. To understand this disease state adequately and provide appropriate treatment, a thorough understanding of parathyroid embryology, anatomy, physiology, and pathophysiology is essential. In this manuscript, we review our current understanding of parathyroid gland embryology, anatomy, histology, physiology, and pathophysiology.

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“…It typically measures 6 mm × 4 mm × 2 mm and weighs 40 mg to 60 mg [4] [6] [11]. Most people have four parathyroid glands.…”

Section: Anatomy Of the Parathyroid Glandsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Anatomy Of the Parathyroid Glandsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parathyroid Embryology, Anatomy, and Pathophysiology of Primary Hyperparathyroidism

Arrangoiz¹,

Cordera²,

Caba³

et al. 2017

IJOHNS

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<sup>11</sup>C-Choline PET/CT in the Management of Primary Hyperparathyroidism

Alvarez¹,

Arrangoiz²,

Olarte³

et al. 2020

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Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is a relative common medical problem caused by the inappropriate secretion of parathyroid hormone (PTH) by one or more parathyroid glands. The diagnosis is established by serum calcium and PTH levels and once the diagnosis is established imaging studies help localize the hyperfunctioning adenoma in preparation for curative surgery. Until now, the imaging studies most commonly utilized in PHPT are ultrasonography and 99m Tc-Sesta-methoxyisobutylisonitrile (MIBI) parathyroid scintigraphy. However, these studies often fail to localize the adenoma and inappropriately delay patient referral to a potentially curative surgery. We present the case of a 64-year-old female with symptomatic PHPT who had 3 negative 99m Tc-Sestamibi Scans over a period of 5 years who eventually had a PET/CT with 11 C-Choline that identified a right lower parathyroid adenoma. She underwent a right lower parathyroidectomy and had a successful outcome. We present a review the current imaging techniques used in the management of PHPT including 99m Tc-Sesta-MIBI scintigraphy and its limitations and novel use of PET/CT with 11 C-Choline and 18 F-Choline in this disease and emphasize the fact that, according to current guidelines, failure to localize the adenoma should not delay referral for curative surgery.

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Parathyroid Carcinoma

Cited by 2 publications

References 63 publications

Parathyroid Embryology, Anatomy, and Pathophysiology of Primary Hyperparathyroidism

Parathyroid Embryology, Anatomy, and Pathophysiology of Primary Hyperparathyroidism

<sup>11</sup>C-Choline PET/CT in the Management of Primary Hyperparathyroidism

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Parathyroid Carcinoma

Cited by 2 publications

References 63 publications

Parathyroid Embryology, Anatomy, and Pathophysiology of Primary Hyperparathyroidism

Parathyroid Embryology, Anatomy, and Pathophysiology of Primary Hyperparathyroidism

&lt;sup&gt;11&lt;/sup&gt;C-Choline PET/CT in the Management of Primary Hyperparathyroidism

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<sup>11</sup>C-Choline PET/CT in the Management of Primary Hyperparathyroidism