Abstract. Brenner tumor is a rare type tumor, which mainly develops in the ovaries and rarely in the adnexal region and urinary system. To the best of our knowledge, only 5 cases of testicular Brenner tumor have been reported to date. In this report, we present the case of a 55-year-old patient who noted a swelling of the right scrotum for ~20 days. The clinical suspicion was an epididymal cyst. However, following surgical resection and subsequent pathological examination, the mass was diagnosed as a testicular Brenner tumor. A supplementary review of previously published cases and literature is also presented. The aim of this report is to help elucidate this disease and reduce the rate of clinical and pathological misdiagnosis.
IntroductionBrenner tumor, an uncommon subtype of surface epithelialstromal tumors, which are a class of ovarian neoplasms, was first described by Brenner in 1907 (1). It is an uncommon neoplasm, accounting for ~1.4-2.5% of all ovarian tumors (2). Brenner tumors are classified into three categories according to the World Health Organization, namely benign, borderline and malignant (3). Extraovarian Brenner tumors are extremely rare, and are mainly found in the broad ligament, uterus, vagina, testis and epididymis (4-7). In the present study, we report a case of Brenner tumor of the right testis and discuss the clinical and pathological characteristics of this disease. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Peking University Shenzhen Hospital (Shenzhen, China) and written informed consent was obtained from the patient for the publication of the case details.
Case reportThe patient, a A 55-year-old man presented with a swelling of the right scrotum for ~20 days. There were no obvious precipitating or alleviating factors. The patient experienced a painless sensation of heaviness of the right testis. The only positive physical finding was a mildly tender mass in the right scrotum. The results of the laboratory and imaging examinations (hemogram, urinalysis, β-human chorionic gonadotropin, a-fetoprotein, liver and kidney function tests and chest X-ray) were normal. However, the results of a superficial color Doppler ultrasound examination suggested that the right scrotum had multiple cystic lesions, and an epididymal was considered as the possible clinical diagnosis.Following the doctors' recommendation, the patient consented to right epididymal cystectomy in Novermber, 2013. During the operation, the cyst was found to be located between the testis and the head of the epididymis and was sized ~50x30 mm. The cyst exhibited inflammatory adhesions to the surrounding organs, although invasion was not observed. On gross pathological examination, the resected specimen was a cyst with a thin wall (1 mm), sized 6.5x4x3.5 cm, containing a clear liquid. On microscopic examination, the fibrous cystic wall was coated with a monolayer or stratified squamous epithelium. Epithelium-like nests and a small quantity of epididymal canal tissue were also identified (Fig. 1). The pathological diagnosis...