Parasitological, biochemical and clinical observations in ponies experimentally infected with Trypanosoma evansi

Abstract

KEYWORDS Trypanosoma evansi Ponies ABSTRACTThe present investigation aimed to study the parasitological, biochemical and clinical alterations in ponies during the course of Trypanosoma evansi experimental infection. Six female ponies were experimentally infected sub-cutaneously with mice adapted 2x10 6 T. evansi parasites, isolated from naturally infected horse, while two ponies were maintained as uninfected healthy controls. All six ponies became parasitologically positive between 5-7 days post infection (DPI) tested by standard parasitological detection method (SPDM) by blood smear examination showing varying degree of parasitaemia and two prominent peaks during the course of infection. The main clinical signs observed were intermittent fever, weakness, emaciation, anaemia, anorexia and incoordination in hind quarters leading to significant weight loss at terminal stage of infection. All the infected ponies developed subacute to acute disease within 56 days and reached to recumbency stage. Of them, four ponies died at different stages of infection and few of them showing neurological signs at terminal stage of infection. The present investigation also revealed that horse ponies are more susceptible than donkeys in experimental infection of T. evansi. Haematological studies showed a gradual fall in the levels of haemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (HCT) and red blood cell (RBC) count from 10.57 to 4.83 (g/dl), 32.81 to 16.33 (%) and 8.53 to 3.33 (x10 12 cells/l) respectively, in infected animals over the study period. Serum

Biocompatibility and Targeting Efficiency of Encapsulated Quinapyramine Sulfate-Loaded Chitosan-Mannitol Nanoparticles in a Rabbit Model of Surra

“…Although the disease is prevalent in a wide range of animals, few findings indicate their competence to induce disease in humans (1). The disease-infected animals show progressive anorexia and reduced body weight, irregular fever, anemia, edema of dependent body parts, reproductive problems, and nervous symptoms, leading to the death of the infected livestock (2,3). An aminoquinaldine derivative, quinapyramine sulfate (QS), a commonly used drug for treatment, produces a trypanocidal effect but is often poorly tolerated and causes local reactions as well as general disorders, and sometimes even death, of some animals within minutes of treatment.…”