Parasitological assessment in hybrids Serrasalmidae fish farmed in Brazil

Abstract

This study evaluated the parasitic fauna of hybrids tambacu (Colossoma macropomum × Piaractus mesopotamicus) and patinga (P. mesopotamicus × Piaractus brachypomus) and their host-parasite-environment interaction during the warm and cold seasons in two fish farms located in the State of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, South America. A total of 120 fish, being 60 fish for species (30 in the warm season and 30 in the cold season) were examined. Water quality was measured weekly to evaluate the interaction between environmental conditions and parasitism. Fifteen species of parasites were found: Ichthyophthirius multifiliis, Chilodonella hexasticha e Trichodina sp. (Protozoa), Henneguya piaractus, Myxobolus colossomatis and Myxobolus cuneus (Myxozoa); Anacanthorus penilabiatus, Mymarothecium boegeri, Mymarothecium viatorum, and Notozothecium janauachensis (Monogenoidea), Goezia spinulosa and Goezia sp. (Nematoda), Echinorhynchus jucundus (Acanthocephala), and Dolops carvalhoi, Lernaea cyprinacea (Crustacea). The ciliate protozoan I. multifiliis and monogenoids were the most prevalent parasites in the cold and warm seasons for both hybrids in the different culture systems intensive production and sportive fishing. It was observed that the serrasalmid hybrids are more susceptible to parasites and harbor high diversity of parasites in relation to the parental species C. macropomum, P. mesopotamicus and P. brachypomus, with a predominance of ectoparasites.

Trichlorfon is effective against Dawestrema cycloancistrium and does not alter the physiological parameters of arapaima (Arapaima gigas): A large Neotropical fish from the Amazon

“…Animals' gill arches were removed and fixed in 5% formalin. Parasites were quantified in a Petri dish (150 × 20 mm) with the help of a stereomicroscope (Feldman Wild Leitz ® ) as suggested by Jerônimo et al (2020). The ecological terms of prevalence, mean parasite intensity and mean parasite abundance were determined in line with Bush et al (1997).…”

Fish parasites can reflect environmental quality in fish farms

“…The authors also indicated that hybrids of serrasalmids are more vulnerable to parasites, harbouring a high parasitic diversity in relation to parental species. 84 Banerjee and Bandyopadhway 71 also reported the influence of the seasons on the parasite fauna of the teleosts Labeo rohita, Catla catla, Cirrhinus mrigala, Labeo bata, Cyprinus carpio and Channa punctatus in fish farms of Nadia and Hooghly, India. In the study, trichodinids, such as Trichodina spp.…”

“…Another Copepoda parasite that also has this behaviour is the cosmopolitan crustacean L. cyprinacea, whose life cycle is facilitated in warmer months, causing, not rarely, severe outbreaks of mortality in farmed fish and natural environments. 66 Jerônimo et al 84 when evaluating the dynamics of L. cyprinacea in tambacu hybrids (C. macropomum × P. mesopotamicus) and patinga (P. mesopotamicus × P.…”

“…The authors also showed that the parameters of water quality remained within those recommended for the species and that the well‐defined climate of the seasons possibly influenced the incidence of parasites. Recently, Jerônimo et al 84 described the parasitic fauna of tambacu hybrids ( Colossoma macropomum × Piaractus mesopotamicus ) and patinga ( P . mesopotamicus × Piaractus brachypomus ) during the hot and cold seasons in fish farms in Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil.…”

“…In the parasitological examination, higher infestations by protozoans (Piscinodinium pillulare, Trichodina magna and Trichodina compacta) were observed in the autumn and winter periods, while monogeneans (C. sclerosus, C halli, C. thurstonae and S longicornis) were frequently reported in the hot seasons.The authors also showed that the parameters of water quality remained within those recommended for the species and that the welldefined climate of the seasons possibly influenced the incidence of parasites. Recently, Jerônimo et al84 described the parasitic fauna of tambacu hybrids (Colossoma macropomum × Piaractus mesopotamicus) and patinga (P. mesopotamicus × Piaractus brachypomus) during the hot and cold seasons in fish farms in Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. In the study, the ciliate I. multifiliis and the monogeneans Anacanthorus penilabiatus, Mymarothecium boegeri, Mymarothecium viatorum and…”