Parasitism disruption by ants of Anagyrus lopezi (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae), parasitoid of cassava mealybug

Fanani, Muhammad Zainal; Rauf, Aunu; Maryana, Nina; Nurmansyah, Ali; Hindayana, Dadan

doi:10.13057/biodiv/d210601

Cited by 8 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…The leaves attacked by P. manihoti were cut into pieces and infested in cassava plants that were still healthy, so that the nymphs of mealybug as soon as possible to move and multiply in other cassava plants. Two weeks later, the mealybugs were already for the mass rearing of the A. lopezi and as materials for experiments [22].…”

Section: Preparation Of Host Plants Mealybug Parasitoid and Predator ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, IGP may have a negative effect on biological control program. In contrast, the other studies show that the incidence have an effect on pest control system [2][3][4]. Use of several predators can compete with each other, or even be as supportive as to suppress pest populations in integrated pest management [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…However, some predator species can interact with antagonistic effect where they consume each other and giving influence to agro-ecosystem [4,7,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Intraguild predation of Phenacoccus manihoti parasitoid Anagyrus lopezi by two mealybug predators, Cryptolaemus montrouzieri and Plesiochrysa ramburi

Fanani,

Rauf,

Maryana

et al. 2023

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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Anagyrus lopezi is a specialist parasitoid was introduced to Indonesia in 2014 to control cassava mealybug, Phenacoccus manihoti. Plesiochrysa ramburi and Cryptolaemus montrouzieri are generalist predator insects associated with the mealybug. Intraguild predation is a crucial competition in an insect community. The study objective was to investigate interference of both predators on healthy mealybug (unparasitized) or parasitized mealybug by A. lopezi (mealybug which containing parasitoid larvae 1-, 3-, 8-, and 14-day old). Experiments were carried out in a non-choice test (served only one unparasitized or parasitized mealybug of a specific parasitoid age) and choice test (unparasitized and parasitized mealybug of a specific parasitoid age together) in laboratory under controlled environmental conditions. Both of predators species able to fed on both unparasitized and parasitized mealybugs of three different age (1-, 3-, and 8- day-old), but both predators discriminated against mealybug were parasitized 14-day old (hardened mummies). Interaction between parasitoid of A. lopezi and both predators showed antagonistic interaction type. We recommended A. lopezi should be released in field at the beginning of the time when the population of the mealybug is still low and could be continued with the predators release when the mealybug population is high.

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Section: Preparation Of Host Plants Mealybug Parasitoid and Predator ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Intraguild predation of Phenacoccus manihoti parasitoid Anagyrus lopezi by two mealybug predators, Cryptolaemus montrouzieri and Plesiochrysa ramburi

Fanani,

Rauf,

Maryana

et al. 2023

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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“…Anagyrus lopezi was reared on cassava plants, supporting the third instar population of P. manihoti as described by Fanani et al (2020). Ten days after the release of the parasitoids, mummies were collected from the cassava plants and placed individually in gelatin capsules.…”

Section: Rearing Of Mealybugs and Parasitoidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parasitism of cassava mealybug by Anagyrus lopezi: Effects of varying host and parasitoid densities

et al. 2020

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Abstract. Fanani MZ, Rauf A, Maryana N, Nurmansyah A, Hindayana D. 2020. Parasitism of cassava mealybug by Anagyrus lopezi: Effects of varying host and parasitoid densities. Biodiversitas 21: 4973-4980. The solitary endoparasitoid Anagyrus lopezi (De Santis) (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) was introduced into Indonesia in 2014 to control the cassava mealybug, Phenacoccus manihoti Matile-Ferrero (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae). The objectives of this study were to understand the influence of host and parasitoid densities on functional response and mutual interference of the parasitoid, by altering either the host or parasitoid density while keeping the other constant. The effects of host and parasitoid densities on parasitism, superparasitism, progeny production, and sex ratio were also assessed. Logistic regression was used to determine the shape of the functional response. Nonlinear least-squares regression was used to estimate the attack rate (a) and handling time (Th). Nicholson’s model and linear regression were used to determine per capita searching efficiency and interference coefficient, respectively. The logistic regression results suggested a Holling type II functional response to changing host densities, with an estimated attack rate (a) and handling time (Th) were 0.037 h-1 and 1.19 h, respectively. The estimated maximum number of mealybugs parasitized over 24-h period was 20.2 mealybugs. The wasp-mealybug ratio and offspring production increased significantly from 1:2 to 1:100 and from 1.35 to 10.45, respectively. However, the per capita number of parasitization decreased significantly from 14.20 to 4.37, with the increase in parasitoid density from 1 to 8. Searching efficiency of the parasitoid decreased significantly with increasing parasitoid density, with a mutual interference constant (m) of -0.52.

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“…Also, Tapinoma nigerrimum (Nylander) was found to hinder and disrupt the activity of two main natural enemies of the vine and citrus mealybugs [ 12 ]. Fanani et al [ 13 ] demonstrated that the parasitoid of cassava mealybug, Anagyrus lopezi (De Santis) (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae), exhibited higher parasitism and emergence rates on ant-excluded plants compared to ant-attended plants in laboratory conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Sugar Dispensers to Disrupt Ant Attendance and Improve Biological Control of Mealybugs in Vineyard

Parrilli

Profeta

Casoli

et al. 2021

Insects

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Planococcus ficus (Signoret) and Pseudococcus comstocki (Kuwana) (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) are economically important pests occurring in vineyards, causing severe economic losses for growers and compromising bunch production. The partial effectiveness of insecticides used in controlling mealybug infestations as well as their high impact on the environment and on human health have led to the research of alternative and sustainable control methods, including biological control. Several natural enemies are reported to be effective against mealybugs, but their activity may be hindered by tending ants. These social insects are known to exhibit a mutualistic relationship with mealybugs, resulting in extremely aggressive behavior against beneficial insects. Consequently, this study explored a method to mitigate ant attendance by means of sugar dispensers in order to improve ecosystem services, as well as decrease mealybug infestation in vineyards. Field trials were carried out in four commercial vineyards of Northern Italy infested by mealybugs, in which Anagyrus vladimiri Triapitsyn (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) and Cryptolaemus montrouzieri Mulsant (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) were released as biological control agents. Our results showed that sugar dispensers reduced ant activity and mealybug infestation, leading to a significant enhancement of ecosystem services. The technique showed a great potential in boosting biological control against mealybugs in field conditions, though the field application seemed to be labour intensive and needs to be replicated for a multi-year evaluation.

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Parasitism disruption by ants of Anagyrus lopezi (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae), parasitoid of cassava mealybug

Cited by 8 publications

References 47 publications

Intraguild predation of Phenacoccus manihoti parasitoid Anagyrus lopezi by two mealybug predators, Cryptolaemus montrouzieri and Plesiochrysa ramburi

Intraguild predation of Phenacoccus manihoti parasitoid Anagyrus lopezi by two mealybug predators, Cryptolaemus montrouzieri and Plesiochrysa ramburi

Parasitism of cassava mealybug by Anagyrus lopezi: Effects of varying host and parasitoid densities

Use of Sugar Dispensers to Disrupt Ant Attendance and Improve Biological Control of Mealybugs in Vineyard

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