“…So far, species of Piaractus Eigenmann have been found to be parasitized by six species of Monogenoidea, among which Anacanthorus is the parasite genus most represented in this host genus: Anacanthorus penilabiatus Boeger, Husak & Martins, 1995; Anacanthorus spathulatus Kritsky, Thatcher & Kayton 1979; Anacanthorus toledoensis Leão, São Clemente & Cohen, 2015; Mymarothecium ianwhittingtoni Leão, São Clemente & Cohen, 2015; Mymarothecium viatorum Boeger, Piasecki & Sobecka, 2002; Notozothecium janauachensis Belmont-Jégu, Domingues, & Martins, 2004. These parasites have been recorded in Brazil and Peru ( Kritsky et al, 1979 ; Boeger et al, 1995 ; Pamplona-Basilio et al, 2001 ; Martins et al, 2002 ; Cohen & Kohn, 2005 , 2009 ; Lizama et al, 2007 ; Dinis-Vásquez et al, 2014 ; Leão et al, 2015 , 2017 ; Oliveira & Tavares-Dias, 2016 ; Jerônimo et al, 2020 ; Moreira et al, 2019 ). During studies with fish parasites, a new species of Anacanthorus was found parasitizing the gills of a hybrid fish ( P. mesopotamicus x P. brachypomus ) that are commercialized in marketplace located in São Luís Island, Maranhão, Brazil, and another one in the endemic S. brandtii from São Francisco River and are described herein.…”