Parapapillary atrophy: histological gamma zone and delta zone

Abstract

Background: To examine histomorphometrically the parapapillary region in human eyes.

Microvascular Density in Glaucomatous Eyes With Hemifield Visual Field Defects: An Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Study

“…41-43 Recently, the β-zone, excluding the γ-zone, has been reported to be more closely-linked to glaucoma. 27,31,44 These data suggest the possibility that the microcirculation at the β-PPA zone is involved in the pathogenesis of glaucoma, because PPA is considered to affect blood supply to the prelaminar tissue and, in some eyes, the LC. 45 On the other hand, the relationship between the α-PPA zone and glaucoma has been reported to be inconsequential.…”

Topographic Correlation Between Juxtapapillary Choroidal Thickness and Microstructure of Parapapillary Atrophy

“…9,26,27 It could be speculated that the collapse of choriocapillary vessels in the parapapillary region and reduced choroidal perfusion are associated with the development of PPA þBM , 28 which also could induce ischemic optic nerve damage due to a reduction in nutrition to the parapapillary area and the consequent increase in vulnerability to glaucomatous damage. 17,29 However, the results from recent studies suggest that PPA ÀBM actually is not associated with RPE atrophy, instead being associated with stretching of the border tissue resulting from myopic optic disc tilt.…”

“…5e7 It has been suggested that decreased choroidal blood flow is pathogenetically connected to the development of the b-zone PPA, and thus that the b-zone PPA could indicate vascular compromise in glaucoma. 1 Histologically 9 and by high-resolution optical coherence tomography (OCT), 10,11 it was recently demonstrated that the b-zone PPA could be categorized morphologically on the basis of the location of Bruch's membrane (BM) termination within the PPA area. It has been reported that PPA devoid of BM (PPA ÀBM ) was associated with axial elongation and was independent of the presence of glaucoma, 10,11 whereas b-zone PPA with intact BM (PPA þBM ) was related to the presence of glaucoma.…”

Characteristics of Peripapillary Staphylomas Associated With High Myopia Determined by Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography

“…4 In all cases, the peripapillary staphyloma extended beyond the margin of the peripapillary conus, thus it differed from the excavation of the peripapillary gamma zone (Figure 1). 22 The mean refractive error (spherical equivalent) except for the pseudophakic eyes, was -9.0 ± 3.3 diopters (D) with a range of -1.5 to -13.0 D. The mean axial length was 27.6 ± 1.6 mm with a range of 22.5 to 30.5 mm.…”