Paraoxonase 1 in bovine milk and blood as marker of subclinical mastitis caused by Staphylococcus aureus

Nedić, Svetlana; Vakanjac, Slobodanka; Samardžija, Marko; Borozan, Sunčica

doi:10.1016/j.rvsc.2019.07.016

Cited by 19 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…Future experiments investigating the NRF2-KEAP-ML385 interaction could be performed to further understand this phenomenon. (Gong and Xiao, 2018) or in blood serum during an unspecified stage of lactation (Nedić et al, 2019). However, in the study performed during the transition period, plasma concentrations of H 2 O 2 appear excessive (>40 mM) and ∼9fold higher than the maximum dose we tested in our in vitro study.…”

Section: Synthetic Nrf2 Inhibitors Have Limited Use In Bovine Cellsmentioning

confidence: 71%

In vitro–In vivo Hybrid Approach for Studying Modulation of NRF2 in Immortalized Bovine Mammary Cells

Ford¹,

Busato²,

Bionaz³

2021

Front. Anim. Sci.

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Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) plays a key role in the response to oxidative stress. Diets containing known NRF2 modulators could be used to minimize oxidative stress in dairy cows. Currently, studies evaluating the activity of NRF2 in bovine have used the classical in vitro approach using synthetic media, which is very different than in vivo conditions. Furthermore, studies carried out in vivo cannot capture the short-term and dynamic response of NRF2. Thus, there is a need to develop new approaches to study NRF2 modulation. The aim of the present study was to establish an in vitro–in vivo hybrid system to investigate activation of NRF2 in bovine cells that can serve as an intermediate model with results closer to what is expected in vivo. To accomplish the aim, we used a combination of a gene reporter assay in immortalized bovine mammary cells, synthetic NRF2 modulators, and blood serum from periparturient cows. Synthetic agonist tert-butylhydroquinone and sulforaphane confirmed to be effective activators of bovine NRF2 with acute and large effect at 30 and 5 μM, respectively, with null response after the above doses due to cytotoxicity. When the agonists were added to blood serum the response was more linear with maximum activation of NRF2 at 100 and 30 μM, respectively, and the cytotoxicity was prevented. High concentration of albumin in blood serum plays an important role in such an effect. Brusatol (100 nM) was observed to be an effective NRF2 inhibitor while also displaying general protein synthesis inhibition and cytotoxicity when added to synthetic media. A consistent inhibition of NRF2 was observed when brusatol was added to the blood serum but the cytotoxicity was reduced. The synthetic inhibitor ML385 had no effect on modulation of bovine NRF2. Hydrogen peroxide activates NRF2 in bovine mammary cells starting from 100 μM; however, strong cytotoxicity was detected starting at 250 μM when cells were cultivated in the synthetic media, while blood serum prevented cytotoxicity. Overall, our data indicated that the use of synthetic media can be misleading in the study of NRF2 in bovine and the use of blood serum appears necessary.

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Section: Synthetic Nrf2 Inhibitors Have Limited Use In Bovine Cellsmentioning

confidence: 71%

In vitro–In vivo Hybrid Approach for Studying Modulation of NRF2 in Immortalized Bovine Mammary Cells

Ford¹,

Busato²,

Bionaz³

2021

Front. Anim. Sci.

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“…Bovine mastitis compromises the health and welfare of dairy cattle, as well as decreases the quality and quantity of milk production, causing huge economic losses in the global dairy industry [ 1 ]. Staphylococcus aureus is a major etiological pathogen of bovine mastitis, especially subclinical mastitis, causing a persistent and chronic infection, and antibiotic therapies are largely ineffective [ 2 , 3 , 4 ]. The infectivity and antibiotic resistance of S. aureus and other causative agents make bovine mastitis more difficult to control, which is also a risk of public health [ 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrative Analysis of miRNA and mRNA Expression Profiles in Mammary Glands of Holstein Cows Artificially Infected with Staphylococcus aureus

Wang

Fan

et al. 2021

Pathogens

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Staphylococcus aureus- induced mastitis is one of the most intractable problems for the dairy industry, which causes loss of milk yield and early slaughter of cows worldwide. Few studies have used a comprehensive approach based on the integrative analysis of miRNA and mRNA expression profiles to explore molecular mechanism in bovine mastitis caused by S. aureus. In this study, S. aureus (A1, B1 and C1) and sterile phosphate buffered saline (PBS) (A2, B2 and C2) were introduced to different udder quarters of three individual cows, and transcriptome sequencing and microarrays were utilized to detected miRNA and gene expression in mammary glands from the challenged and control groups. A total of 77 differentially expressed microRNAs (DE miRNAs) and 1625 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified. Gene Ontology (GO) annotation and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis showed that multiple DEGs were enriched in significant terms and pathways associated with immunity and inflammation. Integrative analysis between DE miRNAs and DEGs proved that miR-664b, miR-23b-3p, miR-331-5p, miR-19b and miR-2431-3p were potential factors regulating the expression levels of CD14 Molecule (CD14), G protein subunit gamma 2 (GNG2), interleukin 17A (IL17A), collagen type IV alpha 1 chain (COL4A1), microtubule associated protein RP/EB family member 2 (MAPRE2), member of RAS oncogene family (RAP1B), LDOC1 regulator of NFKB signaling (LDOC1), low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) and S100 calcium binding protein A9 (S100A9) in bovine mastitis caused by S. aureus. These findings could enhance the understanding of the underlying immune response in bovine mammary glands against S. aureus infection and provide a useful foundation for future application of the miRNA–mRNA-based genetic regulatory network in the breeding cows resistant to S. aureus.

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“…Mastitis is the primary cause of economic losses for dairy ruminant farms, incurring costs of several million euros per year (Gračner et al, 2006;Maćešić et al, 2012;Saidi et al, 2013;Kovačić et al, 2019;Nedić et al, 2019;Cvetnić et al, 2016a, b;Đuričić et al, 2017). Costs are due to a drop in milk production, issues of raw material processability, premature culling of animals with clinical or chronic mastitis, treatment costs (veterinary products and fees), and financial penalties on milk quality based on somatic cell count (SCC) (Benić et al, 2018;Burović, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of feed additive supplementation on bovine subclinical mastitis

2021

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Bovine mastitis is an important commercial and sanitary cost in milk production. The prevention and treatment of this disease is essentially based on the use of antibiotics that have limited effectiveness and can negatively affect milk quality. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of an alternative treatment based on a symbiotic in the control and prevention of subclinical mastitis (SCM), and in the improvement of the quality of milk produced on a dairy farm in north-central Algeria. The milk of 68 cows was collected and analysed by somatic cell count and bacteriological analysis. Three samples were taken at one-month intervals. The first sample was taken before the administration of a feed additive (SYMBIOVEBA®) to lactating dairy cows. Animals were divided into two groups to study the effects (curative and preventive) of the symbiotic. Each group was further divided into two subgroups, where one received the symbiotic and the other was the control. The prevalence of subclinical mastitis at this farm was 33.82%. Bacterial identification was performed using classical methods only on the group of cows with mastitis; a total of 13 bacterial species were isolated from the three samples. Staphylococci were dominant, with a frequency of 45%, followed by Enterobacteriaceae (40%). These rates were considerably lower in both subgroups, though treated cows showed 100% cure rate for both Staphylococci and Enterobacteriaceae. Individual somatic cell count (ISCC) was performed on all three samples and in both groups, and revealed a cure threshold (S) of 200,000 cells/mL, and a 100% cure rate for the SYMBIOVEBA®-treated cow subgroup compared to 62.5% for the control subgroup (P<0.05).

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Paraoxonase 1 in bovine milk and blood as marker of subclinical mastitis caused by Staphylococcus aureus

Cited by 19 publications

References 79 publications

In vitro–In vivo Hybrid Approach for Studying Modulation of NRF2 in Immortalized Bovine Mammary Cells

In vitro–In vivo Hybrid Approach for Studying Modulation of NRF2 in Immortalized Bovine Mammary Cells

Integrative Analysis of miRNA and mRNA Expression Profiles in Mammary Glands of Holstein Cows Artificially Infected with Staphylococcus aureus

Effect of feed additive supplementation on bovine subclinical mastitis

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