Paraoxonase 1 activities and its gene promoter single nucleotide polymorphisms (-108, -126, and -162) in diabetes mellitus

Abstract

BackgroundParaoxonase 1 (PON1) enzyme is known enzyme with, aryl esterase, phosphatase, peroxidase, and lactonase activities. According to some studies, the activity of PON1 enzyme is decreased in type 2 diabetic patients. We analyzed the enzyme activity and its single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) distribution on promoter regions (-108, -126, and -162) in type 2 diabetic patients compared with non-diabetic individuals to reveal the likely relationship between PON1 activity and its gene promoter polymorphisms.MethodsOn the whole, 98 diabetic and 104 non-diabetic individuals were examined in this study. The enzyme activity and the genotypes were studied using spectrophotometry, real-time PCR-HRM, and sequencing techniques, respectively.ResultsThere was no meaningful difference in enzyme activity between two under-studied groups (P.V = 0.671). Moreover, no meaningful difference was also seen between two groups in terms of the frequency of polymorphism -108 (P.V = 0.277). The frequencies of SNPs -126 and -162, however, showed a meaningful difference between two groups (P.V = 0.000 and P.V = 0.017, respectively).ConclusionsWe indicated PON1 activity could be similar in DM-2 patients and non-DM-2 individuals. The significant role of SNP -108 in PON1 activity in DM-2 patients compared with non-DM-2 individuals was confirmed in the study too. On the other hand, the role of -162 and -126 SNPs in causing diabetes cannot be easily overlook because of a meaningful difference of their distribution in understudied groups. However, they may be attributed to DM-2-associated genes.

Single-nucleotide polymorphisms as important risk factors of diabetes among Middle East population

“…PON1 is a glycoprotein belongs to the hydrolase family that is involved in inhibition of LDL oxidation and peroxidation [ 178 ]. There was a remarkable correlation between PON1 activity and polymorphism − 108C>T in Iranian T2D subjects in which TT genotype carriers had the lowest PON1 activity [ 179 , 180 ]. There was a significant correlation between PON1 promoter polymorphism (− 108C>T) and its Arylesterase-based activity in Iranian T2DM cases compared with controls [ 181 ].…”