Single-nucleotide polymorphisms as important risk factors of diabetes among Middle East population

Abstract

Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disorder that leads to the dysfunction of various tissues and organs, including eyes, kidneys, and cardiovascular system. According to the World Health Organization, diabetes prevalence is 8.8% globally among whom about 90% of cases are type 2 diabetes. There are not any significant clinical manifestations in the primary stages of diabetes. Therefore, screening can be an efficient way to reduce the diabetic complications. Over the recent decades, the prevalence of diabetes has increased alarmingly among the Middle East population, which has imposed exorbitant costs on the health care system in this region. Given that the genetic changes are among the important risk factors associated with predisposing people to diabetes, we examined the role of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the pathogenesis of diabetes among Middle East population. In the present review, we assessed the molecular pathology of diabetes in the Middle East population that paves the way for introducing an efficient SNP-based diagnostic panel for diabetes screening among the Middle East population. Since, the Middle East has a population of 370 million people; the current review can be a reliable model for the introduction of SNP-based diagnostic panels in other populations and countries around the world.

TCF7L2 and FTO Polymorphisms Are Associated with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Risk in Kuwait

“…In the Middle East, the risk of developing T2DM and obesity is high, presumably due to socioeconomic and environmental factors that have altered the lifestyle and diet of these populations toward adopting practices that increase T2DM risk, such as low-fiber obesogenic diets and a sedentary lifestyle. Although numerous case-control studies from the Middle East have reported variants associated with T2DM risk, these reports are inconsistent across Middle Eastern populations [ 19 ]. In Kuwait, genetic risk factors for T2DM have been sporadically investigated.…”

In Silico Evaluation of the Potential Association of the Pathogenic Mutations of Alpha Synuclein Protein with Induction of Synucleinopathies

“…Nucleotide variations influence the physiological processes and contributing to various pathological conditions [ 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 ]. The pathogenic mutations can adversely affect protein function, protein-protein interactions (PPI), charge or spatial structure [ 49 , 50 ].…”

Advances and challenges of the cell-based therapies among diabetic patients

“…According to the International Diabetes Federation, over 537 million adults aged 20-79 had diabetes worldwide in 2021 that is expected to rise to around 783 million cases by 2045 [2]. Obesity, unhealthy diets, physical inactivity as well as genetic and epigenetic predispositions are important risk factors of diabetes [3][4][5]. Diabetes is typically classified into type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) [2].…”