Paraneoplastic syndromes in small cell lung cancer

Soomro, Zaid; Youssef, Michael; Yust‐Katz, Shlomit; Jalali, Ali; Patel, Akash J.; Mandel, Jacob

doi:10.21037/jtd.2020.03.88

Cited by 46 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…Numerous paraneoplastic syndromes have been identified in connection with a variety of malignancies. The “classic” cancer type to produce numerous paraneoplastic syndromes is SCLC, which has been commonly associated with Cushing’s syndrome and syndrome of inappropriate anti-diuretic hormone amongst others [ 76 ]. Generally, the pathophysiology of antibody-driven paraneoplastic syndromes is thought to be led by an immune attack against tumor antigens, which then forms antibodies that attack non-tumor cells and organs.…”

Section: Autoantibodies In Cancer-associated Paraneoplastic Syndromesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibody Diversity in Cancer: Translational Implications and Beyond

et al. 2022

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Patients with cancer tend to develop antibodies to autologous proteins. This phenomenon has been observed across multiple cancer types, including bladder, lung, colon, prostate, and melanoma. These antibodies potentially arise due to induced inflammation or an increase in self-antigens. Studies focusing on antibody diversity are particularly attractive for their diagnostic value considering antibodies are present at an early diseased stage, serum samples are relatively easy to obtain, and the prevalence of antibodies is high even when the target antigen is minimally expressed. Conversely, the surveillance of serum proteins in cancer patients is relatively challenging because they often show variability in expression and are less abundant. Moreover, an antibody’s presence is also useful as it suggests the relative immunogenicity of a given antigen. For these reasons, profiling antibodies’ responses is actively considered to detect the spread of antigens following immunotherapy. The current review focuses on expanding the knowledge of antibodies and their diversity, and the impact of antibody diversity on cancer regression and progression.

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Section: Autoantibodies In Cancer-associated Paraneoplastic Syndromesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibody Diversity in Cancer: Translational Implications and Beyond

et al. 2022

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“…A strong correlation with cigarette smoking [8] implies a potentially high tumor mutational burden (TMB) as well as high neoantigen diversity [9]. Furthermore, the established occurrence of auto-immune paraneoplastic manifestations in SCLC, such as Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome, sensory neuropathy, limbic encephalitis, and syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone, highlight the strong immunogenic feature of SCLC cells [10,11]. Unfortunately, SCLC initial studies have suggested only modest responses to single-agent immunotherapy, and classical predictive biomarkers of immunotherapy were not found to be of benefit for patients with ES-SCLC.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunotherapy in Extensive-Stage Small Cell Lung Cancer

Sayed

Blais

2021

Current Oncology

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Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) remains a poorly understood disease with aggressive features, high relapse rates, and significant morbidity as well as mortality, yet persistently limited treatment options. For three decades, the treatment algorithm of SCLC has been stagnant despite multiple attempts to find alternative therapeutic options that could improve responses and increase survival rates. On the other hand, immunotherapy has been a thriving concept that revolutionized treatment options in multiple malignancies, rendering previously untreatable diseases potentially curable. In extensive stage SCLC, immunotherapy significantly altered the course of disease and is now part of the treatment algorithm in the first-line setting. Nevertheless, the important questions that arise are how best to implement immunotherapy, who would benefit the most, and finally, how to enhance responses.

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“…Laryngeal small cell carcinoma is a rarer entity, accounting for <0.5% of all primary laryngeal cancer diagnoses [ 2 ]. Paraneoplastic syndromes are known complications of small cell malignancies, occurring in 1–7.4% of cases [ 3 ]. The majority of the syndromes are endocrine related with rheumatological and immunological complications known to be less frequently encountered.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Concurrent Paraneoplastic Dermatomyositis and Acquired C1 Esterase Inhibitor Deficiency in Primary Laryngeal Small Cell Carcinoma

Nindra¹,

Nguyen²,

Hong³

et al. 2021

Case Rep Oncol

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Small cell carcinoma is associated with a number of paraneoplastic syndromes. We report a case of a 42-year-old female who presented with primary laryngeal small cell carcinoma associated with concurrent paraneoplastic dermatomyositis and paraneoplastic angioedema secondary to acquired C1 esterase inhibitor deficiency. The patient required extensive treatment for her dermatomyositis including high-dose corticosteroid therapy and intravenous immunoglobulin followed by steroid-sparing disease-modifying immunosuppression. Her angioedema also required multiple lines of therapy including bradykinin inhibitors and human recombinant C1 esterase. We believe this is the first reported case of either of these paraneoplastic syndromes arising from an extrapulmonary small cell carcinoma and highlights the difficulty of its initial diagnosis as well as concurrent management.

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Paraneoplastic syndromes in small cell lung cancer

Cited by 46 publications

References 75 publications

Antibody Diversity in Cancer: Translational Implications and Beyond

Antibody Diversity in Cancer: Translational Implications and Beyond

Immunotherapy in Extensive-Stage Small Cell Lung Cancer

Concurrent Paraneoplastic Dermatomyositis and Acquired C1 Esterase Inhibitor Deficiency in Primary Laryngeal Small Cell Carcinoma

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