Paranasal Sinus Mucocele Clinical, imagistic and biochemical aspects

Abstract

Paranasal mucoceles are a type of cysts that evolve slowly and are asymptomatic; this poses a difficulty in diagnosing the patient because the symptoms can go unnoticed. The mucocele evolves unpredictably. On the one hand, it can become infected turning into pyoceles and on the other hand, it can invade important regions such as the orbital, cranial or genian regions, creating facial asymmetry. This is a retrospective case study of 37 patients diagnosed with sinus mucoceles, followed up by clinical examination and paraclinical tests such as CT and MRI scans. The biochemical components of the liquid from within the mucocele were analyzed and the following criteria were recorded: NaCl-, Cl-, Na+ and cholesterine as well as cellular components such as mastocytes, macrophages, hematocytes and leucocytes. In all cases, the treatment option was surgery with favorable post-operative and follow-up evaluation. The mucoceles that appeared post-operatively (maxillary and ethmoid sinuses) evolved more rapidly than the mucoceles that were induced byan external injury. Longer follow-up of operated patients permitted a more timely diagnosis of recurrences.

Biochemical Markers of Sudden Cardiac Death

“…The types of samples multiplied and diversified over time, so at the moment, they include: blood from the femoral vein, blood from the right or left heart cavities, vitreous humor, pericardial fluid and also cerebrospinal fluid. The second problem is, undoubtedly, the difficulty of determining the reference value ranges, according to the post-mortem interval and the chosen biological samples, as the onset of autolysis and putrefaction can be characterized by the unpredictable spread into circulation and/or into the extracellular fluid of many molecules from cells whose membrane integrity was damaged, compromised or disrupted after death [11,12].…”