Parámetros genéticos para caracteres productivos y reproductivos en Holstein y Jersey colombiano

Abstract

El objetivo de este estudio fue estimar parámetros genéticos y fenotípicos en caracterís-ticas productivas y reproductivas en ganado Holstein y Jersey de Antioquia, Colombia. La información fue obtenida de 85 hatos lecheros de raza Holstein y 7 hatos de raza Jersey, ubicados en 18 municipios del Departamento de Antioquia. Las características productivas evaluadas fueron: producción de leche (PL), porcentaje de proteína (PP), porcentaje de grasa (PG) y puntaje de célu-las somáticas (SCS) y las características reproductivas evaluadas fueron: intervalo entre partos (IEP), días abiertos (DA), número de servicios por concepción (NSC) y tasa de concepción (TC). Los componentes de (co)varianza, los parámetros genéticos y fenotípicos fueron estimados empleando modelos mixtos univariados y bivariados y las soluciones de las ecuaciones de los modelos mixtos fueron obtenidas mediante el método de máxima verosimilitud restricta libre de derivadas. Las heredabilidades obtenidas para características productivas oscilaron entre 0,22 y 0,35, excepto para SCS que fueron bajas (h 2 <0,11) y para las características reproductivas oscilaron entre 0,03 y 0,15. Las correlaciones genéticas más altas obtenidas para Holstein fueron: r gIEPxPL = 0,77; r gIEPxPP = 0,61; r gIEPxPL = 0,77 y r gDAxSCS = 0,73 y para Jersey: r gIEPxPP = 0,56; r gIEPxSCS = 0,49; r gTCxPG = -0,52 y r gTCxSCS = -0,72. Las correlaciones fenotípicas fueron bajas en todos los casos, variaron entre -0,17 y 0,16. Las características productivas, son mucho más heredables que las características reproductivas. No obstante, las correlaciones genéticas sugieren que es recomendable construir índices de selección a partir de estas características para obtener un mayor progreso genético pero equilibrado en sus componentes productivos y reproductivos. SUMMARYThe objective of this study was to estimate genetic and phenotypic parameters in milk production and reproduction traits in Holstein and Jersey from Antioquia, Colombia. The information was obtained from 85 Holstein dairy herds and 7 Jersey dairy herds. The milk production traits evaluated were: milk yield (PL), protein percentage (PP), fat percentage (PG) and somatic cell score (SCS) and the reproduction traits evaluated were: calving interval (IEP), days open (DA), number of services per conception (NSC) and conception rate (TC). The (co) variance components, genetic and phenotypic parameters were estimated by using univariate and bivariate linear mixed models and the solutions of the mixed model equations were obtained through derivative-free restricted maximum likelihood method. The heritabilities obtained for milk production traits ranged from 0.22 to 0.35, except for SCS that were low (h 2 <0.11)

Metabolic indicators and their relationship with reproductive efficiency in dairy cows in the high tropics

“…These results coincide with those indicated by Solarte & Zambrano (2012) for the Holstein breed in Nariño. On the other hand, Zambrano et al (2014) found DA values below those obtained in this research for Holstein cows in Antioquia. In relation to services per conception, the results of farms F1, F2 and F4 are similar to those reported by Zambrano et al (2014).…”

“…The reproductive efficiency of the herds evaluated does not bear similarity in similar contexts of cattle farms in the high altitude tropics of Colombia, being, in the case analyzed, manifestly lower. The mean of the CI and DA does not coincide with the results reported by Zambrano et al (2019) and Zambrano et al (2014) for conditions in Antioquia. The open days obtained in all the herds were above the range considered optimal for Holstein cows, which causes a significant increase in economic losses and an increase in the discard rate since this is an important indicator of the reproductive efficiency of the herd.…”

Genetic parameters for type score traits and milk production in Brazilian Jersey herds

“…The low heritability (0.16±0.02) exhibited for milk yield does not concur with the result from other studies investigating the Jersey breed (Gacula Jr. et al, 1968;Deb et al, 1974;Ahlborn and Dempfle, 1992;Campos et al, 1994;Visscher and Goddard, 1995;Musani and Mayer, 1997;Roman and Wilcox, 2000;Guo et al, 2002;Dionello et al, 2006;Missanjo et al, 2013;Zambrano et al, 2014). The values reported in these studies hovered between 0.21 and 0.46.…”

Comparison of random regression models, traditional animal model and with the inclusion of molecular markers in the estimation of genetic parameters in Colombian Holstein cattle

“…PP is reported by several authors to be one of the traits with the highest heritability, with values commonly close to or greater than 0.3 (Zambrano et al, 2014;Rincón et al, 2015) or even reaching values between 0.47 and 0.65 (Makgahlela et al, 2013;Zhao et al, 2015;Gebreyesus et al, 2016), and this trait is less affected by environmental effects than milk production is (Lipkin, Bagnato, & Soller, 2008a). The heritability found for PP with the random regression model was 0.29, surpassing that reported by other authors (Khanzadeh, Hossein, & Naserani, 2013); however, it is important to highlight that few reports on heritability of protein percentage use this methodology; random regression has typically been used to model protein content rather than protein percentage (De Roos, Harbers, & De Jong, 2004;Caccamo et al, 2008;Múnera, Herrera, Gonzáles, Henao, & Cerón, 2014).…”

“…It is generally accepted that SCS is a trait of low heritability (Zambrano et al, 2014;Costa, Santos, Cobuci, Thompson, & Carvalheira, 2015); however, in this study, values were high in all models (0.27, 0.28 and 0.22 for BLUP, M-BLUP and RRM, respectively) and close to those reported by some other authors (Kheirabadi & Alijani, 2014). It is also noteworthy that previously published values are closer to the random regression results in this study, with reports ranging from 0.18 to 0.22 (Liu, Reinhardt, & Reents, 2000;Mrode & Swanson, 2004).…”