Parametric study of thermodynamic and cost performance of thermal energy storage coupled with nuclear power

Carlson, Fletcher; Davidson, Jane H.

doi:10.1016/j.enconman.2021.114054

Cited by 29 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The capacity and efficiency of the PCTES and SCTES for a range of parameters including charge duration, discharge duration, discharge power ratio (DPR), and round-trip efficiency of the TES were quantified by Carlson and Davidson [18,19] and Carlson et al [20]. The DPR is the ratio of power generated during TES discharge and the power generated by the conventional plant without TES.…”

Section: Selection Of Operating Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Both the PCTES and SCTES provide enormous flexibility for expansion of renewable energy sources in the power grid with achievable DPR values higher than other options considered in the prior technical evaluation [19]. The SCTES (dashed line) has the highest EPR over the full range of operating conditions considered but requires addition of a secondary cycle.…”

Section: Selection Of Operating Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These two processes are referred to as charging and discharging the TES. The manner in which TES is integrated with the nuclear power cycle affects the capacity factor and the degree of flexibility that can be achieved [18][19][20]. This fact was neglected in prior economic analyses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This assumption is incorrect. Carlson and Davidson [18,19] and Carlson et al [20] applied a thermodynamic model of a modern 1050 MW e pressurized water nuclear power plant to quantify the impact of how TES is integrated and operated within the power cycle on efficiency and capacity factor of the plant. They showed that TES penalizes efficiency of the Rankine cycle, but penalty can be ameliorated with consideration of how the TES is integrated into the cycle and how charging and discharging of the TES are handled.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Two TES/nuclear configurations emerged from the technical modeling as the most favorable from the standpoint of maximizing efficiency and the ability to operate over a wide range of discharge or peaking power [18][19][20]. In the primary cycle TES (PCTES), the TES is integrated directly into the primary Rankine cycle for both charge and discharge.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nuclear Power Coupled With Thermal Energy Storage: Impact of Technical Performance on Economics in an Exemplary Electricity Grid

Carlson

Davidson

2022

ASME Open Journal of Engineering

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Thermal energy storage (TES) coupled with nuclear energy could be a transformative contribution to address the mismatch in energy production and demand that occur with the expanding use of solar and wind energy. TES can generate new revenue for the nuclear plant and help decarbonize the electricity grid. Prior work by the authors identified two technical approaches to interface TES with nuclear. One, termed the primary cycle TES, charges and discharges the TES within the main Rankine power cycle. The second, termed the secondary cycle TES or SCTES, discharges the TES to a secondary power cycle. The present work analyzes the potential economic benefits of TES in an arbitrage market for a 1050 MWe nuclear plant. The study is the first to provide a realistic quantification of the impacts of changes in capacity factor due to use of TES on revenue and internal rate of return (IRR). The analysis is for a three-year period for peaking powers from 120% to 150% of the conventional nuclear plant for an exemplary deregulated utility represented by the Electric Reliability Council of Texas (ERCOT). The SCTES consistently provides the highest revenue and IRR. The benefits increase with increasing use of TES and variability of electricity prices. The results provide a technically sound understanding of the effects of how TES is integrated with nuclear power on economics and strong economic support for pursuing design and implementation of the SCTES.

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Section: Selection Of Operating Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Selection Of Operating Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nuclear Power Coupled With Thermal Energy Storage: Impact of Technical Performance on Economics in an Exemplary Electricity Grid

Carlson

Davidson

2022

ASME Open Journal of Engineering

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Molten salts: Potential candidates for thermal energy storage applications

Bhatnagar

Siddiqui

Sreedhar

et al. 2022

Intl J of Energy Research

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Summary Molten salts as thermal energy storage (TES) materials are gaining the attention of researchers worldwide due to their attributes like low vapor pressure, non‐toxic nature, low cost and flexibility, high thermal stability, wide range of applications etc. This review presents potential applications of molten salts in solar and nuclear TES and the factors influencing their performance. Ternary salts (Hitec salt, Hitec XL) are found to be best suited for concentrated solar plants due to their lower melting point and higher efficiency. Two‐tank direct energy storage system is found to be more economical due to the inexpensive salts (KCl‐MgCl2), while thermoclines are found to be more thermally efficient due to the power cycles involved and the high volumetric heat capacity of the salts involved (LiF‐NaF‐KF). Heat storage density has been given special focus in this review and methods to increase the same in terms of salt composition changes are discussed in the paper. Methods of concatenating energy storage systems with nuclear power plants are also discussed with different types of nuclear reactors like MHTGR, PAHTR, VHTR, etc. Nanomodifications of molten salts are done to improve heat transfer properties and efficiency of the transfer. The best dopants for such modifications were found to be TiO2, SiO2, MWCNTs, etc. Future challenges for large scale deployment of molten salts viz., high volume expansion ratio, low thermal conductivity, incongruent melting, corrosion, etc., are listed and discussed. Corrosion of molten salts and its mitigation has been discussed in detail for developing next‐generation storage systems and its remedies are also discussed.

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Low-cost crushed-rock heat storage with oil or salt heat transfer

Forsberg

2023

Applied Energy

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Parametric study of thermodynamic and cost performance of thermal energy storage coupled with nuclear power

Cited by 29 publications

References 36 publications

Nuclear Power Coupled With Thermal Energy Storage: Impact of Technical Performance on Economics in an Exemplary Electricity Grid

Nuclear Power Coupled With Thermal Energy Storage: Impact of Technical Performance on Economics in an Exemplary Electricity Grid

Molten salts: Potential candidates for thermal energy storage applications

Low-cost crushed-rock heat storage with oil or salt heat transfer

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