Molten salts: Potential candidates for thermal energy storage applications

Bhatnagar, Pranshul; Siddiqui, Sufiyan; Sreedhar, I.; Parameshwaran, R.

doi:10.1002/er.8441

Cited by 30 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 225 publications

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“…Renewable energy has gained increasing attention in recent years due to rising global energy demand, climate change and serious global environmental pollution [1][2][3][4][5]. Solar energy will play an important role in future sustainable energy systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Wide-Working-Temperature NaNO3-KNO3-Na2SO4 Molten Salt for Solar Thermal Energy Storage

Wang,

Li,

Zhong

et al. 2024

Molecules

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A novel ternary eutectic salt, NaNO3-KNO3-Na2SO4 (TMS), was designed and prepared for thermal energy storage (TES) to address the issues of the narrow temperature range and low specific heat of solar salt molten salt. The thermo-physical properties of TMS-2, such as melting point, decomposition temperature, fusion enthalpy, density, viscosity, specific heat capacity and volumetric thermal energy storage capacity (ETES), were determined. Furthermore, a comparison of the thermo-physical properties between commercial solar salt and TMS-2 was carried out. TMS-2 had a melting point 6.5 °C lower and a decomposition temperature 38.93 °C higher than those of solar salt. The use temperature range of TMS molten salt was 45.43 °C larger than that of solar salt, which had been widened about 13.17%. Within the testing temperature range, the average specific heat capacity of TMS-2 (1.69 J·K−1·g−1) was 9.03% higher than that of solar salt (1.55 J·K−1·g−1). TMS-2 also showed higher density, slightly higher viscosity and higher ETES. XRD, FTIR and Raman spectra SEM showed that the composition and structure of the synthesized new molten salt were different, which explained the specific heat capacity increasing. Molecular dynamic (MD) simulation was performed to explore the different macroscopic properties of solar salt and TMS at the molecular level. The MD simulation results suggested that cation–cation and cation–anion interactions became weaker as the temperature increased and the randomness of molecular motion increased, which revealed that the interaction between the cation cluster and anion cluster became loose. The stronger interaction between Na-SO4 cation–anion clusters indicated that TMS-2 molten salt had a higher specific heat capacity than solar salt. The result of the thermal stability analysis indicated that the weight losses of solar salt and TMS-2 at 550 °C were only 27% and 53%, respectively. Both the simulation and experimental study indicated that TMS-2 is a promising candidate fluid for solar power generation systems.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Wide-Working-Temperature NaNO3-KNO3-Na2SO4 Molten Salt for Solar Thermal Energy Storage

Wang,

Li,

Zhong

et al. 2024

Molecules

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Advancing Lignocellulosic Biomass Fractionation through Molten Salt Hydrates: Catalyst‐Enhanced Pretreatment for Sustainable Biorefineries

Freitas Paiva,

Sadula,

Vlachos

et al. 2024

ChemSusChem

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Developing a process that performs the lignocellulosic biomass fractionation under milder conditions simultaneously with the depolymerization and/or the upgrading of all fractions is fundamental for the economic viability of future lignin‐first biorefineries. The molten salt hydrates (MSH) with homogeneous or heterogeneous catalysts are a potential alternative to biomass pretreatment that promotes cellulose's dissolution and its conversion to different platform molecules while keeping the lignin reactivity. This review investigates the fractionation of lignocellulosic biomass using MSH to produce chemicals and fuels. First, the MSH properties and applications are discussed. In particular, the use of MSH in cellulose dissolution and hydrolysis for producing high‐value chemicals and fuels is presented. Then, the biomass treatment with MSH is discussed. Different strategies for preventing sugar degradation, such as biphasic media, adsorbents, and precipitation, are contrasted. The potential for valorizing isolated lignin from the pretreatment with MSH is debated. Finally, challenges and limitations in utilizing MSH for biomass valorization are discussed, and future developments are presented

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Influence of variable gravity on the phase change material for enclosed vertical channels with helical fins

Faizan,

Alkaabi,

Afgan

2024

Applied Thermal Engineering

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Molten salts: Potential candidates for thermal energy storage applications

Cited by 30 publications

References 225 publications

Novel Wide-Working-Temperature NaNO3-KNO3-Na2SO4 Molten Salt for Solar Thermal Energy Storage

Novel Wide-Working-Temperature NaNO3-KNO3-Na2SO4 Molten Salt for Solar Thermal Energy Storage

Advancing Lignocellulosic Biomass Fractionation through Molten Salt Hydrates: Catalyst‐Enhanced Pretreatment for Sustainable Biorefineries

Influence of variable gravity on the phase change material for enclosed vertical channels with helical fins

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