Parametric Optimization of Isotropic and Composite Axially Symmetric Shells Subjected to External Pressure and Twisting

Abstract

The present paper is devoted to the problem of the optimal design of thin-walled composite axially symmetric shells with respect to buckling resistance. The optimization problem is formulated with the following constraints: namely, all analyzed shells have identical capacity and volume of material. The optimization procedure consists of four steps. In the first step, the initial calculations are made for cylindrical shells with non-optimal orientation of layers and these results are used as the reference for optimization. Next, the optimal orientations of layers for cylindrical shapes are determined. In the third step, the optimal geometrical shape of a middle surface with a constant thickness is determined for isotropic material. Finally, for the assumed shape of the middle surface, the optimal fiber orientation angle θ of the composite shell is appointed. Such studies were carried for three cases: pure external pressure, pure twisting, and combined external pressure with twisting. In the case of shells made of isotropic material the obtained results are compared with the optimal structure of uniform stability, where the analytical Shirshov’s local stability condition is utilized. In the case of structures made of composite materials, the computations are carried out for two different materials, where the ratio of E1/E2 is equal to 17.573 and 3.415. The obtained benefit from optimization, measured as the ratio of critical load multiplier computed for reference shell and optimal structure, is significant. Finally, the optimal geometrical shapes and orientations of the layers for the assumed loadings is proposed.