The application of multiaxial high-cycle fatigue criteria to the analysis of the subsurface rolling contact fatigue of structures working in contact conditions is discussed. In such objects, an increase in compressive and shear stresses is strongly non-proportional. Therefore, the first part of the paper is devoted to the comparison of the results of six recently used high-cycle fatigue criteria estimating the effort for both different multiaxial proportional and non-proportional loads. In the second part of the paper, the issue of frictionless and tractive rolling contact fatigue is discussed. The fatigue load capacity of a crane wheel has been estimated using recently popular criteria. The orientation of critical planes and location of dangerous points are determined and discussed in detail. It has been found that the Dang Van criterion, which is often proposed in rolling contact fatigue analysis, underestimates the equivalent fatigue stress for such type of loads. Comparison of the results obtained using different multiaxial criteria with the results of the experimental tests enables a selection of criteria suitable for fatigue assessment of machine parts working in cycling rolling contact conditions.
The rolling bearings used in various industrial applications are exposed to fatigue failure during their operation. Generally, in a practical application, the ISO 281:2007 standard is used for fatigue life assessments of rolling bearings. The application of the formula given in this standard requires knowledge concerning the basic dynamic load rating C. The natural question is raised of whether it is possible to omit the time-consuming experimental tests while still effectively calculating the fatigue load or the load capacity of the bearings. In the paper, the authors propose the application of analytical formulas for stresses in the contact area and its vicinity, and the usage of the multiaxial high-cycle fatigue hypothesis to estimate the maximal fatigue load for the rolling bearings. In the proposed methodology, only the knowledge concerning the fatigue properties of the material and geometry characteristics of the analyzed bearings are demanded. The effectiveness of the authors’ proposal is verified for arbitrarily chosen bearings. The observed discrepancy between the catalogue fatigue load (SKF catalogue) and numerically calculated fatigue load usually does not exceed 10%, which is fully acceptable from an engineering point of view and justifies the approach proposed in the paper. The proposed methodology can be used for the prediction of the fatigue life and optimization of the rolling bearings.
Application of flat welded ends with stress relief grooves in high-pressure vessels is a common alternative to use of dished vessel ends. It is well established and follows calculation rules given in codes: EN-12952-3 [1], EN-13445-3 [2], or in ASME code [3]. However the calculation rules do not give any definite answer what should be the choice of parameters defining a circular stress relief groove, for example, position of the groove and its radius. Usually the choice of them relies on engineering practice. The present paper clearly shows the influence of this choice on stress concentration in the cylinder-endplate junction area. The results of numerical study are verified in experimental investigations performed for a cylindrical high-pressure vessel.
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