Parametric generation of tunable infrared radiation in ZnGeP_2 and GaSe pumped at 3 μm

Vodopyanov, K. L.

doi:10.1364/josab.10.001723

Cited by 110 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The fundamental CO 2 laser frequency drives both the ͉1͘Ϫ͉2͘ and ͉2͘Ϫ͉3͘ transitions simultaneously and the ͉1͘Ϫ͉3͘ transition is coupled by the second harmonic frequency of the CO 2 laser, achieved by frequency doubling in an appropriate infrared nonlinear crystal, such as, for example, AgGaS 2 , AgGaSe 2 , GaSe, and ZnGeP 2 . 37 The phase difference between the fundamental laser field and its second harmonic is externally altered. The small signal absorption ͑or gain͒ and dispersion spectra of a weak probe propagating through such a quantum well structure are computed and are found to be crucially phase dependent; therefore it can be phase controlled.…”

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confidence: 99%

Phase control of electron population, absorption, and dispersion properties of a semiconductor quantum well

Dynes

Paspalakis

2006

Phys. Rev. B

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We show that an asymmetric semiconductor quantum well that forms a three-level cascade configuration can be controlled by the relative phase of a laser field and its second harmonic. The electron population in the three subbands and the probe absorption/dispersion spectra are crucially phase dependent. As an example, electron inversion between the upper and lower subbands and change of the spectrum from absorption to gain is found by solely varying the relative phase of the two fields.In the past decade several quantum optical coherence and interference effects 1,2 have been studied theoretically and experimentally in intersubband transitions ͑ISBTs͒ in the conduction band of semiconductor quantum wells ͑QWs͒. Some of these phenomena are tunneling induced transparency, 3,4 electromagnetically induced transparency, 5-7 pulsed-induced quantum interference, 8 Autler-Townes splitting, 9 gain without inversion, 10-13 enhanced second harmonic generation, 14,15 enhanced index of refraction without absorption, 16 coherently induced one-dimensional photonic band gaps, 17 and coherent population trapping. 18 In addition, extremely useful devices such as ultrafast optical switches, 19-21 quantum switches, 22 and sensitive infrared detectors 23 are based on quantum optical coherence and interference effects in ISBTs in QWs.Furthermore, the relative phase of applied laser fields has been widely used for the coherent control of several important processes in atomic, molecular, and solid-state systems. 24 This method is usually termed as phase control. Phase control has already been applied for the coherent manipulation of coherent population trapping, 25 coherent population transfer, 26 and electromagnetically induced transparency 27,28 in a closed-loop four-level atomic system. Also, the simultaneous excitation of a two-level atom by a fundamental laser field and its third harmonic can also lead to the phase control of light propagation in this medium. 29 In the area of semiconductors intensive interest has been given to the control of photocurrent directionality by simultaneous excitation of the semiconductors by a fundamental laser field and its second harmonic. [30][31][32][33][34] In the present brief report, we study phase control of an asymmetric semiconductor quantum well by simultaneous application of a laser field and its second harmonic. We consider an asymmetric quantum well structure with three energy levels that forms the well-known "cascade" configuration, where all possible transitions are dipole allowed, see Fig. 1. The energy differences of the ͉1͘Ϫ͉2͘ and ͉2͘Ϫ͉3͘ transitions are taken to be equal. Such structures have been already studied for quantum interference and gain, 12 for controlled coherent population trapping, 18 and for efficient second harmonic generation. 35,36 Actually, this system can be realized experimentally with only one laser frequency such as that derived from a CO 2 laser. The fundamental CO 2 laser frequency drives both the ͉1͘Ϫ͉2͘ and ͉2͘Ϫ͉3͘ transitions simultaneously and the ͉1͘Ϫ͉3͘...

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confidence: 99%

Phase control of electron population, absorption, and dispersion properties of a semiconductor quantum well

Dynes

Paspalakis

2006

Phys. Rev. B

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“…Several nonlinear crystals can be used in the range of 8-12 m, such as GaSe, AgGaS 2 , AgGaSe 2 , CdSe and ZnGeP 2 (ZGP) et al, in which ZGP has the highest nonlinear optical coefficient (d eff~7 5 pm /V), suitable birefringence for phase matching, excellent optical, mechanical and thermal properties as well as a relatively high laser damage threshold. The nonlinear optical figure of merit d eff 2 /n 3 for ZGP is much higher than that of the other crystals mentioned above [4] . Most of the reported systems are pumped by lasers with wavelengths above 2 m [5][6][7] .…”

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confidence: 66%

Tunable and coherent nanosecond 7.2–12.2 μm mid-infrared generation based on difference frequency mixing in ZnGeP2 crystal

Zhong

et al. 2010

Optoelectron. Lett.

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A coherent mid-infrared laser source, which can be tuned from 7.2 m to 12.2 m based on the type-phase-matched difference frequency generation (DFG) in an uncoated ZnGeP 2 (ZGP) crystal, is reported. The two pump waves are from a type-phase-matched dual-wavelength KTP optical parametric oscillator (OPO) of which the signal and idler waves are tuned during 1.85-1.96 m (extraordinary wave) and 2.5-2.33 m (ordinary wave), respectively. The maximum energy of the generated mid-infrared laser is 10 J at 9.22 m, corresponding to the peak power of 2.2 kW.The 8-12 m mid-infrared region is an important atmospheric transmission window for applications including spectroscopy, remote sensing and the use in military systems. A substantial part of this window is covered by CO 2 lasers, but few of them cover the parts below 9.2 m and above 10.8 m. Moreover, CO 2 lasers are not continuously tunable. Nonlinear frequency conversion, such as optical parametric oscillation (OPO), optical parametric amplification (OPA) and difference frequency generation (DFG), provides us versatile solutions for the problem. The DFG method has been widely used in long-wave infrared and terahertz generation [1][2][3] . Several nonlinear crystals can be used in the range of 8-12 m, such as GaSe, AgGaS 2 , AgGaSe 2 , CdSe and ZnGeP 2 (ZGP) et al, in which ZGP has the highest nonlinear optical coefficient (d eff~7 5 pm /V), suitable birefringence for phase matching, excellent optical, mechanical and thermal properties as well as a relatively high laser damage threshold. The nonlinear optical figure of merit d eff 2 /n 3 for ZGP is much higher than that of the other crystals mentioned above [4] . Most of the reported systems are pumped by lasers with wavelengths above 2 m [5][6][7] .In this letter, we realize the generation of tunable and coherent nanosecond mid-infrared radiation covering the 8-12 m range by use of DFG in a ZGP crystal. The two pump waves are generated by a type-dual-wavelength intra-cavity KTP OPO around 2 m. Compared with 8-12 m sources based on OPO, the versatile DFG system has a wider tuning range and is more compact without the OPO cavity mirrors. It can be tuned from 7.2 m to 12.2 m, with the maximum output energy of 10 J and the peak power of 2.2 kW.The schematic diagram of the experimental setup is shown in Fig.1. Fig.1 Schematic diagram of the tunable mid-infrared experimental systemThe Nd: YAG rod is 104 mm-long, 5 mm in diameter, 0.6 at% doped and coated for high transmission at 1.06 m on both faces, surrounded by three quasi-continuous wave (cw) laser diode arrays emitting at 808 nm in a triangular configuration and cooled by water. The fundamental laser cavity and the OPO cavity are formed by flat mirrors M 1 , M 3 and M 2 ,

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“…[1][2][3] The recent improvement in the performance of crystals used for nonlinear conversion has made OPOs more useful and powerful tools for spectroscopy and sensing applications. The essential feature of tuning in an OPO is the nomination of signal and idler waves, which is achieved by controlling the phase matching conditions in the OPO crystal.…”

Section: ͓S0003-6951͑97͒04610-x͔mentioning

confidence: 99%

High-speed optical parametric oscillator pumped with an electronically tuned Ti:sapphire laser

Akagawa

Wada

Tashiro

1997

Applied Physics Letters

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High-speed and random-access tuning of output wavelengths was achieved in an optical parametric oscillator pumped with an electronically tuned Ti:sapphire laser, which was fully under computer control. The signal and idler wavelengths in 90° phase-matched KTiOPO4 were scanned without mechanical rotation of crystals or mirrors. Signal waves in the range from 1.06 to 1.31 μm and idler waves in the range from 2.27 to 2.97 μm accessed in random order by setting the pumping wavelengths between 713 and 923 nm.

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Parametric generation of tunable infrared radiation in ZnGeP_2 and GaSe pumped at 3 μm

Cited by 110 publications

References 22 publications

Phase control of electron population, absorption, and dispersion properties of a semiconductor quantum well

Phase control of electron population, absorption, and dispersion properties of a semiconductor quantum well

Tunable and coherent nanosecond 7.2–12.2 μm mid-infrared generation based on difference frequency mixing in ZnGeP2 crystal

High-speed optical parametric oscillator pumped with an electronically tuned Ti:sapphire laser

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