Parameters in Television Captioning for Deaf and Hard-of-Hearing Adults: Effects of Caption Rate Versus Text Reduction on Comprehension

Burnham, Denis K; Leigh, Greg; Noble, William; Jones, Caroline; Tyler, Michael D.; Grebennikov, Leonid; Varley, Alex

doi:10.1093/deafed/enn003

Cited by 53 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 11 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…We also found that easy to-read texts were best for good readers and not for the poor readers, as they were intended for. The results are in line with Burnham et al (2008) who found that proficient deaf readers had better comprehension than did less proficient readers with greater text reduction, although the difference was not statistically significant in Burnham et al´s study (See also Miller, 2006 and.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 84%

Deaf adults and comprehension of expository texts

Reichenberg¹

2010

L1 Educational Studies in Language and Literature

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The study presents a comparison between deaf participants´ (14-65 years of age) comprehension of expository texts. Each participant was exposed to 12 texts with regard to the following four different conditions: 1. Silent reading of an authentic text. 2. Viewing of a videotaped signed authentic text 3. Silent reading of an easy-to-read text 4. Viewing of a videotaped signed easy-to-read-text. The conditions were counterbalanced in order to control order and passage effects. The good deaf readers had a higher mean score than the poor deaf readers on all text versions. There was a significant difference in mean scores between good deaf and poor deaf readers on the easy-to-read text version. How then can the results be explained? All of the easy-to-read texts were much shorter than the authentic texts. However, since there has to be the identical content as in the authentic texts, there was much implicit information in the easy-to-read texts. Consequently, the reader needs prior knowledge and reading experience to fill in the missing information in the text. A conclusion is that the easy-to-read texts did not serve their purpose then since the process of simplification itself has given rise to the removal of structures that are relevant to facilitate understanding. (14-65-vuotiaita) ekspositorisen tekstin ymmärtämisestä. Jokaiselle osallistujalle annettiin 12 tekstiä seuraavien neljän tilanteen mukaan: 1. Autenttisen tekstin hiljainen lukeminen 2. Autenttisen tekstin katselu videona3. Helposti luettavan tekstin hiljainen lukeminen 3. Helposti luettavan tekstin katselu videolta. Tilanteet olivat tasapainotetut jär-jestyksen ja kulkureitin vaikutuksiin nähden. Hyvillä kuuroilla lukijoilla oli korkeammat keskiarvopisteet kuin huonoilla kuuroilla lukijoilla kaikissa tekstiversioissa. Hyvien ja huonojen kuurojen lukijoiden välillä oli merkitsevä ero helposti luettavan tekstin keskiarvoissa. Kuinka tuloksia voidaan selittää? Kaikki helposti luettavat tekstit olievat paljon lyhyempiä kuin autenttiset tekstit. Kuitenkin vaikka sisällön pitää olla identtinen autenttisen tekstin kanssa, helposti luettavassa tekstissä oli paljon implisiittiä tietoa. Lukija tarvitsee ennakkotietoa ja lukemiskokemusta täyttääkseen tekstin puuttuvan tiedon. Päätelmänä oli, että helposti luettava teksti ei palvele tarkoitustaan, koska yksinkertaistamisprosessissa on poistettu rakenteita, jotka ovat relevantteja helpottamaan ymmärtämistä. Les bons lecteurs sourds ont obtenu un score moyen plus élevé que les faibles lecteurs sourds et ce, pour toutes les conditions. Une différence significative est apparue entre les résultats moyens des bons lecteurs sourds et des plus faibles lecteurs en ce qui concerne la lecture du texte facile. Or, comment peut-on expliquer ce résultat ? Tous les textes faciles à lire étaient beaucoup plus courts que les textes authentiques. Cependant, puisqu'ils devaient traiter du même contenu que les textes authentiques, les textes faciles contenaient davantage d'informations implicites. Par conséquent, le lecteu...

show abstract

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 84%

Deaf adults and comprehension of expository texts

Reichenberg¹

2010

L1 Educational Studies in Language and Literature

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Tyler et al (2009) showed that slowing down the subtitle presentation rate to 90 wpm had no added benefit, and they suggested that the optimum presentation rate lies between 120 wpm and 180 wpm. Finally, subtitle comprehension was found to largely depend on the level of literacy -and not necessarily on the hearing status -with better readers achieving higher scores (see Burnham et al 2008;Tyler et al 2009). …”

Section: Effects Of Presentation Rate and Text Editing On Comprehensionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Future studies should look into testing these two parameters independently in order to fine-tune the results (cf. Burnham et al 2008;Tyler et al 2009).…”

Section: Limitations Of the Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of text editing and subtitle presentation rate on the comprehension and reading patterns of interlingual and intralingual subtitles among deaf, hard of hearing and hearing viewers

Szarkowska

Krejtz

Pilipczuk

et al. 2016

Across Languages and Cultures

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract:In this paper we examine the influence of text editing (edited vs. verbatim subtitles) and subtitle presentation rates (12 vs. 15 characters per second) on the comprehension and reading patterns of interlingual and intralingual subtitles among a group of 44 deaf, 33 hard of hearing and 60 hearing Polish adult subjects. The results of the eyetracking study show no benefit of editing down the text of subtitles, particularly in the case of intralingual subtitling and deaf viewers. Verbatim subtitles displayed with the higher presentation rate yielded slightly better comprehension results, were skipped less often, and resulted in more effective reading patterns. Deaf and hard of hearing participants had lower comprehension than hearing people; they also had a higher number of fixations per subtitle and were found to dwell on subtitles longer than the hearing.

show abstract

“…If the experience of watching television with subtitling is an experience dominated by the subtitle rather than the image, possible innovations in DTV with individual settings and preferences could provide an individually tailored subtitling experience for viewers. Burnham et al (2008) assessed the roles of subtitle rate and text reduction as factors that appear to affect the comprehension of subtitles by people who are deaf or hard-of-hearing. Reading level emerges as a dominant factor: more proficient readers show better comprehension than poor readers and are better able to benefit from caption rate and, to some extent, text reduction modifications.…”

Section: The Technological Possibilities Of Dtv For Subtitlingmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new hope? Experiences of accessibility of services in deaf and hard-of-hearing audiences post-digital television switchover

Evans¹,

Price

2015

International Journal of Digital Television

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

One promise of the switchover from analogue to digital television was new accessibility solutions. In the case of deaf and hard-of-hearing audiences who rely on subtitling for comprehension, the digital switchover makes it possible for greater provision of subtitling or improvements in accuracy. Utilizing quantitative data from a questionnaire completed by 339 participants with varying degrees of hearing difficulty in Wales, this article assesses perceptions of subtitling pre-and post-digital switch. A within-group comparison across age groups is also used to assess whether improvements in service are age defined. The results found that difficulties in accessing quality subtitling are still experienced by this audience post-digital switchover and that there are no significant differences in age in experiencing these difficulties. Knowledge of other digital services is subject to a significant difference in age, which indicates more work is required to inform older audience members of the affordances of digital television.

show abstract

Parameters in Television Captioning for Deaf and Hard-of-Hearing Adults: Effects of Caption Rate Versus Text Reduction on Comprehension

Cited by 53 publications

References 11 publications

Deaf adults and comprehension of expository texts

Deaf adults and comprehension of expository texts

The effects of text editing and subtitle presentation rate on the comprehension and reading patterns of interlingual and intralingual subtitles among deaf, hard of hearing and hearing viewers

A new hope? Experiences of accessibility of services in deaf and hard-of-hearing audiences post-digital television switchover

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About