Parameterization of the Radiative Properties of Cirrus Clouds

Fu, Qiang; Liou, Kuo‐Nan

doi:10.1175/1520-0469(1993)050<2008:potrpo>2.0.co;2

Cited by 830 publications

(637 citation statements)

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“…More specifically we can describe the mechanism as follows. It is shown that the strength of shortwave CRF increases with τ but decreases with increasing g (Fu and Liou, 1993). Therefore, although τ POLDER is substantially smaller than τ MODIS , in radiative transfer computations this difference is largely canceled by the difference between the IHM and Baum05 model in g, which leads to similar estimates of CRF.…”

Section: Swmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…They interact strongly with both solar and infrared radiation fields, and therefore can exert a significant influence on the radiative energy budget and thermal structure of the Earth-atmosphere system (Liou, 1986;Ramaswamy and Ramanathan, 1989;Fu and Liou, 1993;Lohmann and Roeckner, 1995). However, our understanding of this role is still limited.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It plays a key role in determining cloud radiative forcing (CRF) (e.g., Fu and Liou, 1993;Jensen et al, 1994;Fu, 1996;Fu et al, 1998;McFarquhar et al, 2000). A popular method to retrieve cloud τ relies on satellite measurements of the Earth's reflected shortwave radiance (King, 1987;Nakajima and King, 1990;Minnis et al, 1993) (Hereafter it is referred to as the "solar reflective method").…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of ice particle model on satellite ice cloud retrieval: lessons learned from MODIS and POLDER cloud product comparison

et al. 2009

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Abstract. The influence is investigated of the assumed ice particle microphysical and optical model on inferring ice cloud optical thickness (τ ) from satellite measurements of the Earth's reflected shortwave radiance. Ice cloud τ are inferred, and subsequently compared, using products from MODIS (MODerate resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) and POLDER (POLarization and Directionality of the Earth's Reflectances). POLDER τ values are found to be substantially smaller than those from collocated MODIS data. It is shown that this difference is caused primarily by the use of different ice particle bulk scattering models in the two retrievals, and more specifically, the scattering phase function. Furthermore, the influence of the ice particle model on the derivation of ice cloud radiative forcing (CRF) from satellite retrievals is studied. Three sets of shortwave CRF are calculated using different combinations of the retrieval and associated ice particle models. It is shown that the uncertainty associated with an ice particle model may lead to two types of errors in estimating CRF from satellite retrievals. One stems from the retrieval itself and the other is due to the optical properties, such as the asymmetry factor, used for CRF calculations. Although a comparison of the CRFs reveals that these two types of errors tend to cancel each other, significant differences are still found between the three CRFs, which indicates that the ice particle model affects notCorrespondence to: Z. Zhang (zzbatmos@umbc.edu) only optical thickness retrievals but also CRF calculations. In addition to CRF, the effect of the ice particle model on the derivation of seasonal variation of τ from satellite measurements is discussed. It is shown that optical thickness retrievals based on the same MODIS observations, but derived using different assumptions of the ice particle model, can be substantially different. These differences can be divided into two parts. The first-order difference is mainly caused by the differences in the asymmetry factor. The second-order difference is related to seasonal changes in the sampled scattering angles and therefore dependent on the sun-satellite viewing geometry. Because of this second-order difference, the use of different ice particle models may lead to a different understanding of the seasonal variation of τ .

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Section: Swmentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of ice particle model on satellite ice cloud retrieval: lessons learned from MODIS and POLDER cloud product comparison

et al. 2009

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“…The dynamics of the UCLA/LaRC CRM are based on the anelastic system in two dimensions (Krueger, 1988;Xu and Krueger, 1991). The physical parametrizations in the model consist of a third-moment turbulence closure (Krueger, 1988), a bulk three-phase microphysics (Lin et al, 1983;Lord et al, 1984;Krueger et al, 1995), and an interactive solar and infrared radiative transfer scheme (Fu and Liou, 1993;Fu 1996;Fu et al, 1998). Turbulent surface fluxes are diagnosed using flux-profile relationships based on Monin-Obukhov surface-layer similarity theory (Businger et al, 1971).…”

Section: Cloud-resolving Models (Crms)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling convective processes during the suppressed phase of a Madden–Julian oscillation: Comparing single‐column models with cloud‐resolving models

Woolnough

Blossey

et al. 2010

Quart J Royal Meteoro Soc

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The role of convective processes in moistening the atmosphere during suppressed periods of the suppressed phase of a Madden-Julian oscillation is investigated in cloud-resolving model (CRM) simulations, and the impact of moistening on the subsequent evolution of convection is assessed as part of a Global Energy and Water Cycle Experiment Cloud System Study (GCSS) intercomparison project. The ability of single-column model (SCM) versions of a number of state-of-the-art climate and numerical weather prediction models to capture these convective processes is also evaluated. During the suppressed periods, the CRMs are found to simulate a maximum moistening around 3 km, which is associated with a predominance of shallow convection. All SCMs produce adequate amounts of shallow convection during the suppressed periods, comparable to that seen in CRMs, but the relatively drier SCMs have higher precipitation rates than the relatively wetter SCMs and CRMs. The relatively drier SCMs dry, rather than moisten, the lower troposphere below the melting level. During the transition periods, convective processes act to moisten the atmosphere above the level at which mean advection changes from moistening to drying, despite an overall drying effect for the column. The SCMs capture some essence of this moistening at upper levels. A gradual transition from shallow to deep convection is simulated by the CRMs and the wetter SCMs during the transition periods, but the onset of deep convection is delayed in the drier SCMs. This results in lower precipitation rates for these SCMs during the active periods, although much better agreement exists between the models at this time.

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“…Since the Vo calculated in this way is expected to vary slowly from instrument degradation caused by soiling of the diffuser or filter transmission changes and because ,-: this procedure cannot be applied at the beginning and end of a given deployment window, some smoothing of these results is used to interpolate within the time boundaries of a given deployment epoch and extrapolate near the ends. We use a lowess [Cleveland, 1979] [ 1998] conducted a study similar to that of Halthore et al [1997], where direct normal irradiance was examined using absolute cavity radiometer-corrected pyrheliometer data and the Fu-Liou radiative transfer code [Fu, 1991;Fu and Liou, 1992;1993]. In this case the aerosol optical depths used were those measured by the MFRSR at the ARM SGP site.…”

Section: Introduction 2 Calibrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiyear measurements of aerosol optical depth in the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement and Quantitative Links programs

Michalsky¹,

Schlemmer²,

Berkheiser³

et al. 2001

J. Geophys. Res.

117

112

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Abstract. The U.S. Department of Energy funded the development of the multifilter rotating shadowband radiometer (MFRSR) as part of the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) program. This seven-channel radiometer began operation at the first ARM site in 1992 and at the Department of Energy Quantitative Links (QL) sites in the fall of 1991; three of the QL sites continue to operate, although this program was discontinued after 1995. This paper describes the use of the MFRSR in acquiring aerosol optical depth data, including the in-field calibration procedure and a partial validation of this process. Multiyear measurements of aerosol optical depth from three of the sites indicate similar phasing of seasonal and interannual changes, but with notable differences in the magnitude of the aerosol optical depth. Published papers that use these aerosol data are highlighted, and public access to these and future data sets for scientific studies are explained.

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Parameterization of the Radiative Properties of Cirrus Clouds

Cited by 830 publications

References 0 publications

Influence of ice particle model on satellite ice cloud retrieval: lessons learned from MODIS and POLDER cloud product comparison

Influence of ice particle model on satellite ice cloud retrieval: lessons learned from MODIS and POLDER cloud product comparison

Modelling convective processes during the suppressed phase of a Madden–Julian oscillation: Comparing single‐column models with cloud‐resolving models

Multiyear measurements of aerosol optical depth in the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement and Quantitative Links programs

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