Parameter Study for Child Injury Mitigation in Near-Side Impacts Through FE Simulations

Andersson, Marianne; Pipkorn, Bengt; Lövsund, Per

doi:10.1080/15389588.2011.637411

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 15 publications

(23 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In these cases, the principal mechanism of injury is contact with the vehicle interior, mainly associated with intrusion into the occupant compartment at the child’s position, combined with lateral translation of the child’s body. The development of side airbags that protect the head and thorax reduces injury measurements, provided that the airbag properties are designed to consider these occupant sizes [ 72 ]. The use of side airbags limits the probability of serious head and trunk injuries, confining them to upper extremity fractures and concussions with brief loss of consciousness [ 66 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All the articles discussed in this paragraph were uniformly published after the 2000s, with a clear division between those published before 2010 [ 44 , 47 , 51 , 53 , 57 , 58 , 60 , 63 , 66 ] and those published in the subsequent years, extending up to the most recent publications [ 69 , 72 , 84 , 85 , 88 , 91 , 94 , 98 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Pediatric motor vehicle crashes injuries: A systematic review for forensic evaluation

Giovannini,

Santelli,

Pelletti

et al. 2024

Int J Legal Med

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Children involved in car crashes can experience either direct trauma or inertial injuries resulting from interactions with external objects, such as other vehicles, or with the restraint system. Furthermore, improper use of restraint systems can lead to additional severe injuries. Recent reports from international institutions underscored the persistent prevalence of inadequate restraint systems utilization and this widespread issue increases children’s vulnerability and risk of injuries.The aim of this study is to provide a systematic review of the literature on injuries sustained in children involved in road accidents describing and analyzing elements useful for forensic assessment.The literature search was performed using PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science from January 1970 to March 2023. Eligible studies have investigated issues of interest to forensic medicine about traffic accidents involving pediatric passengers. A total of 69 studies satisfied the inclusion criteria and were categorized and analyzed according to the anatomical regions of the body affected (head, neck, thoraco-abdominal, and limb injuries), and the assessment of lesions in reconstruction of the accident was examined and discussed.The review highlights that in motor vehicle accidents involving children, the forensic evaluation of both the cause of death and accident dynamics needs to consider several factors, such as the child’s age, the type of restraint system employed, and the specific passenger seat occupied. Considering the complexity of the factors that can be involved in this road accident, it is crucial that there is a comprehensive exchange of information between the judge and the medical expert.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pediatric motor vehicle crashes injuries: A systematic review for forensic evaluation

Giovannini,

Santelli,

Pelletti

et al. 2024

Int J Legal Med

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Kimpara et al analyzed a female model and compared the results with a male model [ 21 ]. Andersson et al performed an analysis on child size and reported that light vehicles required higher performance interior restraint systems than larger vehicles [ 22 ]. Danelson et al and Digges et al analyzed lung contusions during motor vehicle accidents [ 23 , 24 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of individual differences in pelvic and spine alignment in seated posture and impact on the seatbelt kinematics using human body model

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Analysis using human body models has been performed to reduce the impact of accidents; however, no analysis has shown a relationship between lumbar and pelvic/spine angle and seat belts in reducing human damage from accidents. Lumbar and pelvic/spine angles were measured in 75 individuals and the measurements were used to create three different angles for the Total Human Model for Safety model. In the present study, we focused on lumber lordosis (LL) and pelvic angle (PA). A normal distribution and histogram were used for analysis of PA (01, 10, and 50). The Total Human Model for Safety, including LL and PA, was corrected using finite element software. Simulations were conducted under the conditions of the Japan New Car Assessment Programme (JNCAP) 56 kph full lap frontal impact. Using the results of the FEM, the amount of lap-belt cranial sliding-up, anterior movement of the pelvis, posterior tilt of the pelvis, head injury criterion (HIC), second cervical vertebrae (C2) compressive load, C2 moment, chest deflectiou (upper, middle, and lower), left and right femur load, and shoulder belt force were measured. The lap-belt cranial sliding-up was 1.91 and 2.37 for PA10 and PA01, respectively, compared to PA50; the anterior movement of the pelvis was 1.08 and 1.12 for PA10 and PA01, respectively; and the posterior tilt of the pelvis was 1.1 and 1.18 for PA10 and PA01, respectively. HIC was 1.13 for PA10 and 1.58 for PA01; there was no difference in C2 compressive load by PA, but C2 moment increased to 1.59 for PA10 and 2.72 for PA01. It was found that as LL increases and the PA decreases, the seat belt becomes likely to catch the iliac bone, making it harder to cause injury. This study could help to reconsider the safe seat and seatbelt position in the future.

show abstract

“…Side airbag curtains, which normally cover the rear occupant's window down to the window sill, have been shown to cause a reduction in fatality risk to drivers by 37% (McCartt and Kyrchenko 2007). Thorax side airbags are uncommon in the rear seat, but benefits of thorax side airbags to children can be expected (Andersson et al 2012;Bohman et al 2009;Bohman and Sunnevang 2012). Benefits to adults are found for the front seat (Loftis et al 2011b), showing a fatality reduction of 26% (McCartt and Kyrchenko 2007).…”

Section: Vehicle Restraintsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, head injuries are a well-documented problem in MVCs among children. In side impacts, the injury causation scenarios and built-in vehicle countermeasures have been identified (Maltese et al 2007;Andersson et al 2012;Bohman et al 2009). However, head injuries still occur in frontal crashes with seat-belt-restrained children, and thus far standardized vehicle tests in the laboratory have failed to reproduce the problem.…”

Section: Gaps In Child Safety Research: a Summarymentioning

confidence: 99%

Head Injury Causation Scenarios for Belted, Rear-Seated Children in Frontal Impacts

Bohman

Arbogast

Boström

2011

Traffic Injury Prevention

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Head injuries with seatback or side interior contact typically included a PDOF greater than 10 degree (similar to the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety [IIHS] and EuroNCAP offset frontal testing) and vehicle maneuvers. For seatback contact, the vehicle's movements contributed to occupant kinematics inboard the vehicle, causing a less than optimal restraint of the torso and/or torso roll out of the shoulder belt. For side interior contact, the PDOF and/or maneuvers forced the occupant toward the side interior. The cases without evidence of head/face contact were characterized by high crash severity and accompanied by severe injuries to the thorax and spine. These data lead to increased understanding of the injury patterns and causation in this crash restraint scenario so that interventions to mitigate the burden of injury can be advanced.

show abstract

Parameter Study for Child Injury Mitigation in Near-Side Impacts Through FE Simulations

Cited by 6 publications

References 15 publications

Pediatric motor vehicle crashes injuries: A systematic review for forensic evaluation

Pediatric motor vehicle crashes injuries: A systematic review for forensic evaluation

Analysis of individual differences in pelvic and spine alignment in seated posture and impact on the seatbelt kinematics using human body model

Head Injury Causation Scenarios for Belted, Rear-Seated Children in Frontal Impacts

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About