“…However, this method may be sensitive to the sampling rate of motor speed and current. The method presented in [38] optimizes a PI controller for digital DC motor control and parameter estimation. The cuckoo search algorithm [39,40] initially takes random numbers to obtain the back EMF constant, armature inductance, and rotor inertia values.…”
Since permanent magnet direct current (DC) motors are mainly used in various industrial automation applications, the demand for electric motors is increasing rapidly. However, in the mass production of electric motors, often, only random inspections are used to check the specifications and performance of electric motors. For manufacturing or engineering application staff to have a more thorough understanding of the characteristics of the motor, it is necessary to conduct a full or quick inspection during the production process to ensure the quality of the electric motor. Based on this, this literature review reveals several methods and algorithms often used to estimate DC motor parameters, given the importance of knowing the parameters of the DC motor and the lack of research on estimating the parameters of the DC motor.
“…However, this method may be sensitive to the sampling rate of motor speed and current. The method presented in [38] optimizes a PI controller for digital DC motor control and parameter estimation. The cuckoo search algorithm [39,40] initially takes random numbers to obtain the back EMF constant, armature inductance, and rotor inertia values.…”
Since permanent magnet direct current (DC) motors are mainly used in various industrial automation applications, the demand for electric motors is increasing rapidly. However, in the mass production of electric motors, often, only random inspections are used to check the specifications and performance of electric motors. For manufacturing or engineering application staff to have a more thorough understanding of the characteristics of the motor, it is necessary to conduct a full or quick inspection during the production process to ensure the quality of the electric motor. Based on this, this literature review reveals several methods and algorithms often used to estimate DC motor parameters, given the importance of knowing the parameters of the DC motor and the lack of research on estimating the parameters of the DC motor.
“…Another approach utilising no‐load speed step responses have been proposed in [9]. Other methods include quantised speed measurements [10], and commercial software solutions like MATLAB parameter estimation/identification toolboxes [11, 12]. At the same time, efforts employing evolutionary based techniques such as genetic algorithm (GA) [13] and non‐dominated sorting genetic algorithm [14], reported results in the same problem.…”
“…So, it is important to design a proper controller to control the speed of a DC motor. The parameters of the DC motor should be known since they are essential to build the mathematical model [11], and then get the PID controller tuning gains [12]. The organization of this paper is presented mathematical modelling structure in section II, tuning methods of PID controller parameters are presented in section III, simulink model of a dc motor introduced in section IV, comparison of simulation and experimental results are given in section V and conclusions are explained in section VI.…”
I. INTRODUCTIONProcess control industry has seen many advances in the past two decades in terms of the controller design and its implementation methods [1]. Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) controller has been used for several decades since 1940 in industries for process control applications. PID controllers tend to bring down the difference between the process variable and set point by comparing the response with the desired value [2]. PID controller is the most common control algorithm used in process control applications [3]. The performance of PID controller mostly depends on the precision of system models and their parameters. A setting of the proportional, integral and derivative values of a controller to get the best response for a process using a tuning algorithm is called tuning of a PID controller [4], [5]. In spite of these advances classical PID controller is undoubtedly the most popular controller in the industry because of its simple structure and robust performance in different operating conditions. It has been reported that 97% controllers in refining paper and pulp industries have PID structure [6].To implement a PID controller effectively, tuning process of its parameters plays a vital role. J. G. Zeigler and N. B. Nichols were the first to present the simple tuning rules for PID controller [7], [8]. Most of controlled systems became poor in characteristics and even it becomes unstable, if improper values of the controller tuning constants are used [9]. DC motors are the oldest types of electro-mechanical machines. They were invented after the creation of the first sources of DC current. They are more advantageous over other AC machines regarding controlling the speed regulation, they could be found in many applications which require high-speed control accuracy and reliable effective dynamic responses such as industrial, medical and military purposes where the speed must be variable in wide range [10]. DC motor speed is directly proportional to armature voltage, by adjusting the armature voltage. So, it is important to design a proper controller to control the speed of a DC motor. The parameters of the DC motor should be known since they are essential to build the mathematical model [11], and then get the PID controller tuning gains [12]. The organization of this paper is presented mathematical modelling structure in section II, tuning methods of PID controller parameters are presented in section III, simulink model of a dc motor introduced in section IV, comparison of simulation and experimental results are given in section V and conclusions are explained in section VI.
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