Parallel alternatives: Chinese-Canadian farmers and the Metro Vancouver local food movement

Gibb, Natalie Ruth

doi:10.1080/13549839.2012.714763

Cited by 34 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…The list features elements associated with urban agriculture (community gardens, urban farms) and local food consumption (food networks, farmers markets, street food vendors) (City of Vancouver 2013, 24). Many of these spaces are very recent additions to the Vancouver food landscape, emerging from the environmental and sustainable food movements in the 1990s, and are primarily white spaces (Gibb and Wittman 2013;Seto 2011).…”

Section: Vancouver Food Policy Councilmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, the prominence of race-neutral discourse within multicultural policies has the potential to further the inequality faced by racialized groups by treating race as a social factor not warranting explicit attention (Li 2001). Examples of this exclusion in the Canadian food system include; the institutional exploitation of Indigenous people from their food sources and the repression of traditional food knowledge by the Canadian government (Coté 2016), which has contributed to the higher prevalence of food insecurity (Tarasuk, Mitchell, and Dachner 2016); historical exclusion of Chinese Canadian and other racialized farmers from land ownership (Lim 2015); the labor precariousness of migrant food workers today (Otero and Preibisch 2015); and the lack of support for visible minority communities in alternative food initiatives (Gibb and Wittman 2013).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Planning for Whom? Toward Culturally Inclusive Food Systems in Metro Vancouver

Ostenso¹,

Dring²,

Wittman³

2020

The Immigrant-Food Nexus

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IntroductionFood system planning involves envisioning and implementing structures and processes that influence the food supply chain. Planning is embedded in formal governance structures, people's organizations, social movements, and the private sector, at multiple scales, including municipal, regional, national, and multinational levels. Food policy councils (FPCs), as regional organizations that aim to influence food system planning, began to emerge in North America and across the globe in the 1980s (McCullagh and Santo 2012). They seek to address citizen disempowerment in the food system (Lang 1999) and the absence of food and agriculture in municipal policy and planning (Pothukuchi and Kaufman 1999). They have the potential to contribute to strategic food system planning by building alliances between diverse stakeholders, conducting system-level research and consultation to address a broad range of concerns related to public health, social justice, and ecological integrity (McRae and Donahue 2013). Therefore, many FPCs aim to transform urban areas into sites of "food citizenship," where people can actively partake in shaping the food system (Lang 1999;Harper et al. 2009).Many FPCs have been successful at bringing together diverse food system stakeholders (consumers, farmers, policymakers, scholars, food industry representatives), forming coalitions to increase the strength of alternative food initiatives (Levkoe and Wakefield 2014). However, many alternative food initiatives themselves, including FPCs, have been criticized for not effectively or equitably engaging members from diverse racial, cultural, and socioeconomic backgrounds (

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Section: Vancouver Food Policy Councilmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Planning for Whom? Toward Culturally Inclusive Food Systems in Metro Vancouver

Ostenso¹,

Dring²,

Wittman³

2020

The Immigrant-Food Nexus

Self Cite

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“…Urban food production has historically served as a means of subsistence for low-income, racialized, and marginalized populations, supplementing diets and providing agriculturalists with supplemental income from sales of garden surplus. Often arriving in cities and towns from rural areas, people with limited incomes grew food to lower grocery costs and earn a little money on the side (McClintock, 2010;Nicolaides, 2001); indeed, in many cities, agriculture and truck farming was often one of the few activities open to racialized immigrants (Gibb & Wittman, 2013;Lim, 2015;Wong, 2004, pp. 211-220).…”

Section: Sowing Resistance and Resurgencementioning

confidence: 99%

Urban agriculture, racial capitalism, and resistance in the settler‐colonial city

McClintock

2018

Geography Compass

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Recent scholarship on urban agriculture (UA)—the production of food in cities—argues that UA can both undergird and resist capitalist accumulation, albeit often at different spatio‐temporal scales. Scholarship that explicitly examines how UA, capitalist development, and racial difference work through one another, however, is less extensive. In this review, I propose that the lens of racial capitalism can elucidate UA's contradictory motivations and outcomes. As an analytical framework, racial capitalism considers how distinct forms of colonization, settler colonialism, and White supremacy function relationally as part of a unified system of capitalist accumulation built on the exploitation of racialized human and spatial difference. By focusing on UA's contributions to racial Othering, the racialization of space, and dispossession, on the one hand, and on struggles of resistance and self‐determination, on the other, this review attempts to sheds new light on the dialectical, “both/and” nature of UA, while also addressing recent calls to consider how settler colonial logics persist in the contemporary North American city.

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“…Although the quantity of locally produced organic food is still small, the citizens of HK are thus able to consider such food as an alternative to global food. Local agri‐food is considered an alternative to global foods (Friedland, ; Gibb and Wittman, ; de St. Maurice, ).…”

Section: Interest In Growing Food In Hong Kongmentioning

confidence: 99%

Food localism and resistance: a revival of agriculture and cross‐border relations in Hong Kong

Chan

2016

Asia Pacific Viewpoint

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Hong Kong, a part of China, yet separated from it by a borderline and a different social system, relies mostly on China for its fresh food. With a high incidence of food contamination, many Hong Kong people have turned to a new food alternative – locally grown organic vegetables. The number of organic growers has risen significantly over the past decade. This paper examines the emergence of local organic food production in Hong Kong since the turn of the century. Not only is this revival of an interest in agricultural production (manifested in the increase in organic farms and organic food consumers that is related to the global movement of eco‐agriculture), it is also intertwined with a public discourse relating to land preservation, the balance between an agricultural economy and urban development and food localism. Continuous food news revealing the scale of substandard and poisonous food produced in China have escalated the scare surrounding unsafe food and has helped turn consumers to local produce and to build the discourses on food localism. The paper argues that such a local food consciousness has been fed by the local politics of resistance against negative influences from China in the evolving cross‐border relations between China and Hong Kong.

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Parallel alternatives: Chinese-Canadian farmers and the Metro Vancouver local food movement

Cited by 34 publications

References 56 publications

Planning for Whom? Toward Culturally Inclusive Food Systems in Metro Vancouver

Planning for Whom? Toward Culturally Inclusive Food Systems in Metro Vancouver

Urban agriculture, racial capitalism, and resistance in the settler‐colonial city

Food localism and resistance: a revival of agriculture and cross‐border relations in Hong Kong

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