Paradigm of Vanadium pentoxide nanoparticle-induced autophagy and apoptosis in triple-negative breast cancer cells

Abstract

Chemo-resistance remains the main hurdle to cancer therapy, challenging the improvement of clinical outcomes in cancer patients. Therefore, exploratory studies to address chemo-resistance through various approaches are highly rewarding. Nanomedicine is a promising recent advancement in this direction. Comprehensive studies to understand the precise molecular interactions of nanomaterials is necessary to validate their specific “nano induced” effects. Here, we illustrate in detail the specific biological interactions of vanadium pentoxide nanoparticles (VnNp) on triple-negative breast cancer cells and provide initial insights towards its potential in breast cancer management at the cellular level. VnNp shows a time-dependent anti-oxidant and pro-oxidant property in vitro. These nanoparticles specifically accumulate in the lysosomes and mitochondria, modulate various cellular processes including impaired lysosomal function, mitochondrial damage, and induce autophagy. At more extended periods, VnNp influences cell cycle arrest and inhibits cell migration potentiating the onset of apoptosis. Preliminary in vivo studies, on exposing healthy Swiss albino mice to VnNp demonstrated normal blood parameters, organ distribution, and tissue redox balance which further indicated the absence of any adverse organ toxicity. Hence, we foresee tumor-targeting VnNp as a potential drug molecule for future cancer management.

Vanadium and Melanoma: A Systematic Review

“…The effects of the compound 3, V 2 O 5 have been previously studied in several cell lines, including MDA-MB-231 (human breast cancer cell line), V79 (hamster lung fibroblast cell line), SCCVII (squamous carcinoma cells), FsaR (fibrosarcoma cells), L929 (murine fibroblast cell line) cells and also in B16F10 cells, showing cytotoxicity in all of the examined cell lines [55,56]. The cytotoxicity in tumor cells led the authors to study V 2 O 5 in several other cell lines and in vivo [29].…”

Vanadium in the environment as a risk factor causing negative modification of cell death (scientific review)

“…Vanadium (hapten) is a biologically significant element that participates in many physiological processes [13][14][15][16]. Vanadium is n ultra-microelement and it occurs in trace quantities in all organs and tissues in a human body [9,17].…”

“…A change in calcium contents in a cell results in various cellular mechanisms being activated or inhibited including cell death mechanism. Vanadium (V) oxide V 2 O 5 accumulated in mitochondrial lysosomes and stimulated autophagy in breast cancer (MCF-7) cells [14]. It was revealed via experiments that, depending on exposure duration, vanadium oxide both caused pro-oxidant effects and stimulated anti-oxidant properties in MCF-7 cells culture.…”

Vanadium in the environment as a risk factor causing negative modification of cell death (scientific review) UDC: 616-097

“…Ванадий (гаптен) -биологически значимый элемент, который принимает участие во многих фи-зиологических процессах [13][14][15][16]. Ванадий является ультрамикроэлементом и присутствует в следовых количествах во всех органах и тканях человека [9,17].…”

“…Изменение уровня кальция в клетке приводит к активации / ингибированию различных клеточных механизмов, в том числе реализации механизмов клеточной гибели. Накапливаясь в лизосомах митохондрий, оксид ванадия (V) V 2 O 5 стимулировал запуск процесса аутофагии в клетках рака молочной железы (MCF-7) [14]. Экспериментально показано, что в зависимости от времени воздействия оксид ванадия в клетках культуры MCF-7 вызывал как прооксидантные эффекты, так и антиоксидантные свойства.…”