Paracentral Acute Middle Maculopathy

Kiyat, Pelin; Değirmenci, Cumali; Nalçacı, Serhad; Afrashi, Filiz; Akkin, Cezmi

doi:10.4274/tjo.galenos.2020.92972

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 16 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…8 The etiology of PAMM has not been clearly elucidated as causative factors range from the use of vasoconstrictors, such as caffeine, amphetamines, epinephrine, and oral contraceptives, to microvascular diseases, including hypertension, diabetes, and sickle cell disease. 9,10,11 PAMM has also appeared with embolic retinal occlusive diseases, such as Purtscher's retinopathy, retinal arterial occlusions, and retinal vein occlusions. 12,13 In a series of 484 patients with central retinal vein occlusions, paracentral acute middle maculopathy was observed in 5.2% of patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Patients diagnosed with PAMM should also be questioned about vasopressor exposure, especially if the patient has minimal existing vasculopathic risk factors. 9 An idiopathic etiology should only be established if all other risk factors have been excluded. 18 PAMM lesions with associated paracentral scotomas may drive a patient towards initial eye examination and be the cause of a newly discovered entity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Case Series: Paracentral Acute Middle Maculopathy as a Sign of Severe Systemic Vasculopathy

Cheng

2022

CRO (Clinical &Amp; Refractive Optometry) Journal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Paracentral acute middle maculopathy represents deep capillary ischemia that can cause acute symptoms of scotoma. This case series describes two cases of symptomatic paracentral acute middle maculopathy that reflect the more severe spectrum of associated etiologies. Case 1: A 65-year-old male with recent history of hypertensive encephalopathy presented with sudden onset central visual disturbance described as amorphic in shape. Dilated fundus exam revealed severe hypertensive retinopathy with paracentral acute middle maculopathy. The patient died one year after the initial discovery of the retinal lesions. Case 2: A 87-year-old male presented with paracentral vision loss in one eye for three days. Clinical examination revealed multiple Hollenhorst plaques and paracentral acute middle maculopathy at presentation, and a subsequent branch retinal artery occlusion two days later. The patient was found to have 76% left carotid artery stenosis with numerous brain infarcts. The detection of paracentral acute middle maculopathy indicates an investigation through ocular and systemic risk factors to determine an attributable etiology. The search for possible etiologies should be tailored to the particular patient, based on age, associated ocular findings, systemic history, and symptomatic versus incidental presentation. The presence of symptomatic paracentral acute middle maculopathy, particularly in at-risk vasculopathic patients, should be addressed urgently as it may be an indicator of an underlying severe systemic disease process. CE Notification: This article is available as a COPE accredited CE course. You may take this course for 1-hour credit. Read the article and take the qualifying test to earn your credit. Click here to Enroll (https://www.crojournal.com/case-series-paracentral-acute-middle-maculopathy-as-a-sign-of-severe-systemic-vasculopathy)

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Case Series: Paracentral Acute Middle Maculopathy as a Sign of Severe Systemic Vasculopathy

Cheng

2022

CRO (Clinical &Amp; Refractive Optometry) Journal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Usually, we tend to see a small area of PAMM, but this is the first time we encountered PAMM involving entire posterior pole. 2 Considering the stark resemblance of fundus appearance to that of central retinal artery occlusion, we believe PAMM should be considered as a differential diagnosis of cherry-red spot fundus.…”

mentioning

confidence: 94%

Paracentral Acute Middle Maculopathy (PAMM) as a New Differential Diagnosis in Cherry-Red Spot Macula

Singh¹,

Murthy

2023

Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A 45-year-old male came with sudden loss of vision in his left eye for 2 days. He was diagnosed with systemic arterial hypertension 4 months back and was on antihypertensive medication. On examination his visual acuity was 6/6 in the right eye and 1/60 in the left eye. Fundus examination of the left eye showed a cherry-red spot like appearance due to ischemia of the posterior pole (Fig. 1A), but corresponding optical coherence tomography (OCT) showed the hyper-reflectivity of only middle retinal layers (red arrow in Fig. 1B), hence a diagnosis of left eye paracentral acute middle maculopathy (PAMM) was made. Patient's systemic evaluation revealed early hypertensive nephropathy with a serum creatinine of 1.5 mg/dL, and the

show abstract

“…1 PAMM can be isolated or associated with several retinovascular and systemic diseases such as retinal artery or vein occlusion (RVO), diabetic retinopathy, Purtscher retinopathy, and sicklecell retinopathy. 2,3,4 Despite the substantial number of unilateral PAMM cases in the literature, there is little information on the bilateral involvement of PAMM. Herein, we aim to report a patient who presented with acute PAMM in one eye and subsequently developed PAMM in the fellow eye during followup.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bilateral Sequential Paracentral Acute Middle Maculopathy

Müftüoğlu¹,

Tokuç²,

Karabaş³

2021

tjo

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We aim to present a case with bilateral sequential paracentral acute middle maculopathy (PAMM). A 57-year-old man presented with paracentral scotoma in the left eye. The patient's multimodal imaging findings were consistent with PAMM in the left eye. Extensive systemic work-up revealed hypertension and a history of cerebrovascular event. One year after initial presentation, the patient had a subsequent decrease in visual acuity in the right eye and developed optical coherence tomography findings consistent with PAMM, whereas the left eye showed resolved PAMM findings. Although rare, PAMM can occur bilaterally. Clinicians should monitor unilateral PAMM patients with systemic vasculopathy for involvement in the fellow eye.

show abstract

Paracentral Acute Middle Maculopathy

Cited by 5 publications

References 16 publications

Case Series: Paracentral Acute Middle Maculopathy as a Sign of Severe Systemic Vasculopathy

Case Series: Paracentral Acute Middle Maculopathy as a Sign of Severe Systemic Vasculopathy

Paracentral Acute Middle Maculopathy (PAMM) as a New Differential Diagnosis in Cherry-Red Spot Macula

Bilateral Sequential Paracentral Acute Middle Maculopathy

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About