Paper-Based Systems for Point-of-Care Biosensing

Cheung, Sherine F.; Cheng, Samantha K. L.; Kamei, Daniel T.

doi:10.1177/2211068215577197

Cited by 37 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…11,26 Several methods have been developed to enhance the sensitivity of LFAs, such as sample concentration, [27][28][29][30] thermal contrast, 31 fluidic control, [32][33][34] temperature-humidity technique, 35 probe-based signal enhancement, 23,36 enzyme-based signal amplification 37,38 and electrochemical devices-based enhancement. 39 However, these approaches require either external equipment, 35 high-cost reagents 23,37 or complicated fabrication with multistep procedure, 32 limiting their application for POC testing. To date, a low-cost, convenient and equipment-free sensitivity enhancement method has not yet been explored.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved LFIAs for highly sensitive detection of BNP at point-of-care

Gong¹,

Hu²,

Choi³

et al. 2017

IJN

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Heart failure (HF) has become a major cause of morbidity and mortality with a significant global economic burden. Although well-established clinical tests could provide early diagnosis, access to these tests is limited in developing countries, where a relatively higher incidence of HF is present. This has prompted an urgent need for developing a cost-effective, rapid and robust diagnostic tool for point-of-care (POC) detection of HF. Lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) has found widespread applications in POC diagnostics. However, the low sensitivity of LFIA limits its ability to detect important HF biomarkers (e.g., brain natriuretic peptide [BNP]) that are normally present in low concentration in blood. To address this issue, we developed an improved LFIA by optimizing the gold nanoparticle (GNP)–antibody conjugate conditions (e.g., the conjugate pH and the amount of added antibody), the diameter of GNP and the concentration of antibody embedded on the test line and modifying the structure of test strip. Through these improvements, the proposed test strip enabled the detection of BNP down to 0.1 ng/mL within 10–15 min, presenting ~15-fold sensitivity enhancement over conventional lateral flow assay. We also successfully applied our LFIA in the analysis of BNP in human serum samples, highlighting its potential use for clinical assessment of HF. The developed LFIA for BNP could rapidly rule out HF with the naked eye, offering tremendous potential for POC test and personalized medicine.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved LFIAs for highly sensitive detection of BNP at point-of-care

Gong¹,

Hu²,

Choi³

et al. 2017

IJN

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“…, hematology analyzers), technicians are still needed for device oversight and maintenance. 14,15 Centralized laboratories also perform immunoassays and nucleic amplification strategies, but these methods are time consuming, labor intensive, and expensive. As an example, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) requires several experimental steps, including antibody immobilization, target binding, labeling, substrate incubation, signal production, and multiple washing steps.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1). 14,27–29,30 Thus, there exists a need to develop affordable, sensitive, rapid, portable, label-free, and user-friendly POC diagnostic tools. 31–33 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photonic crystals: emerging biosensors and their promise for point-of-care applications

et al. 2017

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Biosensors are extensively employed for diagnosing a broad array of diseases and disorders in clinical settings worldwide. The implementation of biosensors at the point-of-care (POC), such as at primary clinics or the bedside, faces impediments because they may require highly trained personnel, have long assay times, large sizes, and high instrumental cost. Thus, there exists a need to develop inexpensive, reliable, user-friendly, and compact biosensing systems at the POC. Biosensors incorporated with photonic crystal (PC) structures hold promise to address many of the aforementioned challenges facing the development of new POC diagnostics. Currently, PC-based biosensors have been employed for detecting a variety of biotargets, such as cells, pathogens, proteins, antibodies, and nucleic acids, with high efficiency and selectivity. In this review, we provide a broad overview of PCs by explaining their structures, fabrication techniques, and sensing principles. Furthermore, we discuss recent applications of PC-based biosensors incorporated with emerging technologies, including telemedicine, flexible and wearable sensing, smart materials and metamaterials. Finally, we discuss current challenges associated with existing biosensors, and provide an outlook for PC-based biosensors and their promise at the POC.

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“…Currently, there is great interest in using paper-based systems for POC devices due to their simplicity, affordability and ease of use [8,9]. Since the seminal work of Whitesides and colleagues in 2007 describing the first microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (μPADs) [10], a myriad of applications in bioanalysis, healthcare and disease screening have been demonstrated.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These systems have been applied in the detection of a number of analytes in blood, urine and saliva [6]. Recent work in paper systems has shifted away from the traditional 'single-strip' format, thereby, allowing for a wider range of applications [8,14]. These features make this type of test appropriate for the primary care level and in remote settings where a lack of medical infrastructure may exist.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%