Paper-Based Sensor Chip for Heavy Metal Ion Detection by SWSV

Abstract

Heavy metal ion pollution problems have had a terrible influence on human health and the environment. Therefore, the monitoring of heavy metal ions is of great practical significance. In this paper, an electrochemical three-electrode system was fabricated and integrated on nitrocellulose membrane (NC) by the use of magnetron sputtering technology, which exhibited a uniform arrangement of porous structure without further film modification. This paper-based sensor chip was used for Cu2+ detection by square-wave stripping voltammetry (SWSV). Within the ranges of 5–200 μg·L−1 and 200–1000 μg·L−1, it showed good linearity of 99.58% and 98.87%, respectively. The limit of detection was 2 μg·L−1. On the basis of satisfying the detection requirements (10 μg·L−1), the integrated sensor was small in size and inexpensive in cost. Zn2+, Cd2+, Pb2+ and Bi3+ were also detected by this paper-based sensor chip with good linearity.

Disposable Paper-Based Biosensors for the Point-of-Care Detection of Hazardous Contaminations—A Review

“…In the origami structure, a waste layer is designed to collect the ions unreacted with the color indicator, improving the detection limit of Cu(II) ion measurements with organic color indicators to less than 2 mgL −1 [ 62 ]. To electrochemically study Cu(II) ions, Wang et al designed a three-electrode paper device, using a magnetron sputtering technology (MST) on a nitrocellulose paper substrate [ 323 ]. The MST creates a uniform porous structure, without the need for additional surface modification.…”

“…The MST creates a uniform porous structure, without the need for additional surface modification. The measurement was performed by square-wave stripping voltammetry, with a detection limit of 2 μgL −1 [ 323 ].…”

Research progress on the applications of paper chips

“…Electrochemical detection 66,71,77,89,100,101,104,127 is a method by which the chemical signals of the components to be measured are converted into electrical signals by an electrical sensor. Compared with the colorimetric detection method, this method has the advantages of stable signal, high sensitivity, good selectivity, good accuracy, easy integration and miniaturization.…”

Hospitals and Laboratories on Paper-Based Sensors: A Mini Review

“…There is indeed a concern that most environmental inspection assays could not meet outdoor onsite detection due to the requirements of complicated instruments and a relative long detection time [ 73 ]. With properties of low cost, easy operation, great portability, and easy disposal, paper-based sensors were found reliable to detect carbon dioxide [ 33 ], airborne particulate [ 74 ], volatile organic compounds [ 75 ] in the air, heavy metals [ 76 ], phosphates [ 77 ], inorganic element ions [ 78 , 79 , 80 ], nitrite [ 81 ], and nicotine [ 82 ] in the water.…”