Papel das células T reguladoras no desenvolvimento de dermatoses

Abstract

T cells, particularly CD4+ T cells, have been associated with many aspects of skin disease. Current evidence suggests, however, that the role of CD4+ T lymphocytes in the development of cutaneous inflammation surpasses that of pro-inflammatory activation of effector T cells that direct the immune response. T cell subtypes with regulatory capacity, such as CD4+CD25+ high Tregs, have been identified. Recent observations suggest that in some skin diseases the function of these cells is modified. Therefore, the development and function of Treg cells in Dermatology are currently attractive topics because of their importance in controlling the immune system response against tumors and infectious diseases, as well as in inhibiting auto-immunity and allergy development. Therefore, defective regulatory mechanisms may allow a breach in peripheral immune tolerance followed by chronic inflammation and disease. Functional abnormalities and contributions of different subtypes of regulatory T cells in the development of dermatological illnesses are detailed in this review. Possible targets for therapy and modifications of regulatory T cells caused by immunomodulators used in Dermatology are highlighted. Keywords: Dermatology; Skin diseases; T-Lymphocytes; T-Lymphocytes, suppressor-inducer; Therapeutics Resumo: Células T, em particular as células T CD4+, têm sido associadas a muitos aspectos das doenças de pele. A evidência atual sugere, porém, que o papel dos linfócitos T CD4+ no desenvolvimento de inflamação cutânea excede o de ativador pró-inflamatório das células T de ação que dirigem a resposta imune. Subtipos de células T com capacidade reguladora, tais como

Imunologia da paracoccidioidomicose

“…The expression of CTLA-4 receptors (Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 immunoglobin) in Treg cells acts as a negative regulator of T cell activation in patients with PCM. 53,54 Within the context of susceptibility of PCM, class II human leukocyte antigens (DRB1 * 11) are associated with the chronic unifocal mild form of the disease, suggesting that this allele may confer resistance against the spread of P. brasiliensis. 55 Cytokines such as IL-1b, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12 and TNF-α in PCM have been reported by several authors and suggest that monocytes/macrophages are important sources of these peptides capable of promoting a systemic inflammatory response.…”

Linfócitos T CD4+CD25+ e a regulação do sistema imunológico: perspectivas para o entendimento fisiopatológico da sepse

“…Natural CD4+CD25+ Treg cells play an important role in the maintenance of tolerance to endogenous antigens and in the regulation of the immune response against external antigens, thereby protecting the host from injury. A better understanding of these cells may enable their use as adjuvant treatments for numerous conditions related to the immune system, such as autoimmune and allergic illnesses, (38) cancer, (39) primary immunodeficiencies, (24) dermatoses, (40) transplant rejection, (17) rheumatic diseases, (35) and infectious diseases, (41) particularly sepsis. This last topic is discussed next.…”

Fatos e mitos sobre imunomoduladores

“…+ (Tregs). 72 Ainda nessa linha de raciocínio, o pré-tratamento com dexametasona foi capaz de ampliar a população de Tregs. 73 A manutenção dos níveis de corticóide possibilita a ampliação dos Tregs.…”