Pap smears

Stack, Peter S.

doi:10.3810/pgm.1997.04.204

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Human papillomavirus (HPV) is considered the major cause of cervical cancer. Most cervical cancers can be detected early through a routine exfoliative cytology test (Papanicolaou test), a screening which has been used for more than 50 years in an effort to decrease the number of deaths from cervical cancer (Stack, 1997). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA and micronuclei in normal cervical cytology

et al. 2014

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The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between HPV-DNA and micronucleus (MN) frequency in women with normal cervical cytology. A total of 158 normal cervical smears were analyzed cytologically. The HPV genome was amplified using the GP5+/bioGP6+ consensus primers. HPV-DNA of high-risk types 16, 18, 31, 33, 39, 45 and 59 were also investigated. Of the 158 samples, 20 (12.7%) and 47 (29.7%) were positive for HPV-DNA and MN, respectively. Evidence for MN was found in 11 out of 20 (55%) HPV-DNA positive samples and in 36 out of 138 (26.1%) HPV-DNA negative ones. MN presence was significantly higher in HPV-DNA positive samples (p = 0.016). On the other hand, the absence of MN observed in a considerable number of HPV-DNA negative samples (102) may be of great value in predicting the absence of HPV. The mean age of HPV-DNA positive women (34.2 ± 12.6) was significantly lower than the mean age of HPV-DNA negative women (43.9 ± 13.7) (p = 0.003). Infection by one or multiple HPV types was found in 11 out of 20 (55.0%) and 9 out of 20 (45.0%) samples, respectively. The evaluation of MN using cervical smears collected for cytology tests could, thus, be used as additional information to monitor a population’s exposure to HPV.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA and micronuclei in normal cervical cytology

et al. 2014

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“…The techniques that have been extensively used for HPV and cervical cancer screening include testing for the presence of HPV or HPVassociated serologic markers (HPV biomarkers) as well as visual inspection, conventional cytology, liquidbased monolayer cytology, or histological examination of the cervix [23,24]. These techniques and the advantages and disadvantages of traditional cancer screening tools for cervical cancer have been reviewed in detail by Stack et al [23].…”

Section: Current Diagnostic Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human papillomaviruses: The cervical cancer saga in developing countries

Alhamlan

Al‐Ahdal

Al-Zahrani

et al. 2017

J Infect Dev Ctries

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Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer affecting women, with worldwide annual incidence and mortality rates of 528,000 and 266,000, respectively, according to the World Health Organization. It is well established that cervical cancer is predominantly caused by a persistent human papillomavirus (HPV) infection of cervical cells. Increasing numbers of studies have investigated HPV and cervical cancer, contributing greatly to the global knowledge and unraveling some of the critical questions regarding HPV transmission, infection, and prevention. However, despite these studies, our knowledge is far from complete and much remains to be discovered. Although molecular detection and HPV prophylactic approaches have greatly advanced in recent years, approximately 85% of the global burden of mortality from cervical cancer still occurs in developing countries. Clinical and molecular epidemiological studies have demonstrated a need for developing countries in general to adopt cervical screening and vaccination programs. However, studies examining cervical cancer screening modalities and HPV prevalence as well as whether HPV vaccination programs should be implemented are lacking at the national level in some developing countries. Therefore, this review describes the current status of HPV in developing countries, presenting some of the existing challenges in implementing cervical screening and HPV vaccination programs.

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“…For example, cervical cancer diagnosis requires the uncomfortable procedure of collecting cells from the cervix, the lower and narrow end of the uterus located at the top of the vagina. This method called a “Pap smear” can pose physical discomfort and hinder the early detection and the subsequent treatment of cervical cancer. , Cervical cancer is characterized by the growth of abnormal cells in the cervical lining, with squamous cell carcinoma being the most prevalent type . In its initial stages, cervical cancer might not have noticeable symptoms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This method called a "Pap smear" can pose physical discomfort and hinder the early detection and the subsequent treatment of cervical cancer. 3,4 Cervical cancer is characterized by the growth of abnormal cells in the cervical lining, with squamous cell carcinoma being the most prevalent type. 5 In its initial stages, cervical cancer might not have noticeable symptoms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Next-Generation Femtech: Urine-Based Cervical Cancer Diagnosis Using a Fluorescent Biothiol Probe with Controlled Smiles Rearrangement

An,

Jeong,

Jung

et al. 2024

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Cervical cancer screening is a crucial field of femtech (female technology). In this work, we disclosed a new femtech solution�a simple, straightforward, and on-site applicable urine-based cervical cancer diagnostic method using a fluorescent biothiol probe. Our newly developed nitrobenzene-based fluorescent probe, named NPS-B, effectively differentiates between cysteine and homocysteine within urine samples via controlled Smiles rearrangement. The analysis of emissionbased signals offers the potential utility of this method in cervical cancer. NPS-B was designed by considering the substitution effect and structural polarity of the nitrobenzene-based fluorophore. This controlled modification of nitrobenzene-induced substantial intramolecular charge transfer changes in the fluorophore when exposed to biothiols, resulting in significant changes in photophysical properties. NPS-B displayed different emissions of cysteine and homocysteine in clinical human urine (without prior urine treatment). Overall, our findings provide insights not only into fundamental chemical science but also into the broader domain of applied sciences.

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Pap smears

Cited by 8 publications

References 8 publications

Association between human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA and micronuclei in normal cervical cytology

Association between human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA and micronuclei in normal cervical cytology

Human papillomaviruses: The cervical cancer saga in developing countries

Next-Generation Femtech: Urine-Based Cervical Cancer Diagnosis Using a Fluorescent Biothiol Probe with Controlled Smiles Rearrangement

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