Panic! At the Disks: First Rest-frame Optical Observations of Galaxy Structure at $z &gt; 3$ with JWST in the SMACS 0723 Field

Ferreira, Leonardo; Adams, Nathan; Conselice, Christopher J.; Sazonova, Elizaveta; Austin, Duncan; Caruana, Joseph; Ferrari, Fabrício; Broadhurst, Tom; Diego, J. M.; Frye, Brenda; Pascale, Massimo; Wilkins, Stephen M.; Windhorst, Rogier A.; Zitrin, Adi

doi:10.48550/arxiv.2207.09428

Cited by 10 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…We reprocess all of the uncalibrated lower-level JWST data products for this field following our modified version of the JWST official pipeline. This is similar process used in Ferreira et al (2022) but with minor changed and can be summarised as follows: (1) We use version 1.5.2 of the pipeline as opposed to version 1.5.3, which was the most up-to-date version at the time of writing. This is because version 1.5.3 has a significant bug in the background subtraction step that leds to sub-optimal performance.…”

Section: Data Reduction and Productsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The first releases of data from JWST on the 12th and 13th of July 2022 included the deep data from the RELICS cluster SMACS J0723.3-732 (SMACS 0723, Coe et al 2019;Ferreira et al 2022). We examine 8.7 square arcminutes of this cluster's outer area, with most of this within the second NIRCam module, to very deep depths (up to 5𝜎 AB magnitude 28.9) in the near-infrared.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Discovery and properties of ultra-high redshift galaxies ($9

Adams¹,

Conselice²,

Ferreira³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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We present a reduction and analysis of the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) SMACS 0723 field to conduct a search for ultra-high-redshift galaxies (9 < 𝑧 < 12) present within the Epoch of Reionization. We use a combination of photometric redshifts and spectral energy distribution (SED) modelling-based selection criteria to optimise sample completeness while minimising contamination. We find four 𝑧 > 9 candidate galaxies which have not previously been identified, with one object at 𝑧 = 11.5, and another which is possibly a close pair of galaxies. These sources are fairly bright with 𝑚 277 ∼ 26 − 28. A significant fraction of these sources show evidence for Balmer-breaks or extreme emission lines from H𝛽 and [OIII], demonstrating that the stellar populations could be quite advanced in age or very young depending on the exact cause of the F444W excess. We discuss the stellar masses and resolved structures of these early galaxies and find that the Sérsic indices reveal a mixture of light concentration levels, but that the sizes of all our systems are exceptionally small in general with < 0.5 kpc. These systems have stellar masses M * ∼ 10 9.5 M with our 𝑧 ∼ 11.5 candidate a dwarf galaxy with a stellar mass M * ∼ 10 7.9 M These candidate ultra high-redshift galaxies are excellent targets for future NIRSpec observations to understand better their physical nature.

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Section: Data Reduction and Productsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Discovery and properties of ultra-high redshift galaxies ($9

Adams¹,

Conselice²,

Ferreira³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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show abstract

“…The total integration time for this field was 12.5 hr. The NIRCam data was processed following the reduction steps outlined in more detail in Ferreira et al (2022) and Adams et al (2022). Briefly, the uncalibrated lower-level JWST data products for this field were reprocessed following a modified version of the JWST official pipeline, as the initial release of the higher-level products were found to contain WCS alignment issues as well as sub-optimal background subtraction.…”

Section: Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We used the MORFOMETRYKA code (Ferrari et al 2015;Ferreira et al 2022) to perform a structural analysis of these sources by fitting a single component Sérsic profile to their 2D light distributions and measuring quantitative morphology parameters such as the asymmetry (𝐴). Detailed description of the algorithm and measurements can be found in Ferrari et al (2015).…”

Section: The Structures Of Eor Galaxies As Seen Through Jwstmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seeing sharper and deeper: JWST's first glimpse of the photometric and spectroscopic properties of galaxies in the epoch of reionisation

Trussler¹,

Adams²,

Conselice³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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We analyse the photometric and spectroscopic properties of four galaxies in the epoch of reionisation (EoR) within the SMACS 0723 JWST Early Release Observations field. Given the known spectroscopic redshifts of these sources, we investigated the accuracy with which photometric redshifts can be derived using NIRCam photometry alone, finding that F115W imaging is essential to distinguish between 𝑧 ∼ 8 galaxies with high equivalent width (EW) [O III] 𝜆5007 emission and 𝑧 ∼ 10 Balmer break galaxies. We find that all four sources exhibit strong (> 0.6 mag) F356W−F444W colours, which sit at the extreme end of theoretical predictions from numerical simulations. We find that these galaxies deviate (by ≈ 0.5 dex) from the local correlation between [O III] 𝜆5007/H𝛽 and [Ne III] 𝜆3869/[O II], which is consistent with the predictions from simulations of high-redshift galaxies. We measure the [O III] 𝜆5007 rest-frame equivalent widths both directly from the spectroscopy, and indirectly as inferred from the strong F356W−F444W colours, finding large [O III] 𝜆5007 EWs of 400-1000 Å. The [O III] 𝜆5007 and H𝛽 EWs are consistent with those seen in extreme, intensely star-forming dwarf galaxies in the local Universe. Our structural analysis indicates that these galaxies are resolved, exhibiting irregular shapes with bright clumps and colour gradients. In line with the predictions from the FLARES hydrodynamic simulations, such intense star formation and extreme nebular conditions are likely the norm, rather than the exception, in the EoR. Finally, although star-forming galaxies and AGN often occupy similar regions within the [O III] 𝜆5007/H𝛽-[O II]/H𝛿 plane, we find that AGN exhibit distinct, red colours in the F150W−F200W, F200W−F277W plane.

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“…High redshift galaxies are searched in the ERO SMACS J0723 and ERS CEERS and GLASS fields, and are identified at z ∼ 9 − 20 (Naidu et al 2022;Castellano et al 2022;Leethochawalit et al 2022a;Adams et al 2022;Atek et al 2022;Donnan et al 2022;Finkelstein et al 2022b;Yan et al 2022). The morphological properties are investigated with the NIRCam images of the ERO SMACS J0723 and the CEERS observations via the comparisons of HST images for galaxies at z ∼ 3 − 6 (Ferreira et al 2022) and the rest-frame optical and nearinfrared bands for galaxies at z ∼ 1 − 2 (Suess et al 2022), respectively. The infrared photometric properties of galaxies at z ∼ 1 − 2 are studied with the NIR-Cam and MIRI images of the ERO SMACS J0723 observations in conjunction with the ALMA archival data (Cheng et al 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comprehensive Study on Galaxies at z~9-16 Found in the Early JWST Data: UV Luminosity Functions and Cosmic Star-Formation History at the Pre-Reionization Epoch

Harikane¹,

Ouchi²,

Oguri³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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We conduct a comprehensive study on dropout galaxy candidates at z ∼ 9 − 17 using the first 90 arcmin 2 JWST/NIRCam images taken by the early release observations (ERO) and early release science (ERS) programs. With the JWST simulation images, we find that a number of foreground interlopers are selected with a weak photo-z determination (∆χ 2 > 4). We thus carefully apply a secure photo-z selection criterion (∆χ 2 > 9) and conventional color criteria with confirmations of the ERO NIRSpec spectroscopic redshifts, and obtain a total of 25 dropout galaxies at z ∼ 9−17, including two candidates at z phot = 16.45 +0.09 −0.32 and 16.66 +1.86 −0.34 . We perform thorough comparisons of dropout galaxies found in our work with recent JWST studies, and conclude that our galaxy sample is reliable enough for statistical analyses. We derive the UV luminosity functions at z ∼ 9 − 17, and confirm that our UV luminosity functions at z ∼ 9 and 12 agree with those determined by previous HST and JWST studies. The cosmic star-formation rate density decreases from z ∼ 9 to 12, and perhaps to 17, but the densities at z ∼ 12 − 17 are higher than the constant star formation efficiency model. Interestingly, there are six bright galaxy candidates at z ∼ 11 − 17 with M UV < −19.5 whose stellar masses are very high, 10 8−9 M . Because a majority (∼ 70%) of these galaxies shows no signatures of AGNs in their morphologies, the high cosmic star-formation rate densities and the existence of these stellar massive galaxies are explained by no suppression of star-formation by the UV background radiation at the pre-reionization epoch or an efficient UV radiation production by Population III-like star formation.

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Panic! At the Disks: First Rest-frame Optical Observations of Galaxy Structure at $z > 3$ with JWST in the SMACS 0723 Field

Cited by 10 publications

References 50 publications

Discovery and properties of ultra-high redshift galaxies ($9

Discovery and properties of ultra-high redshift galaxies ($9

Seeing sharper and deeper: JWST's first glimpse of the photometric and spectroscopic properties of galaxies in the epoch of reionisation

A Comprehensive Study on Galaxies at z~9-16 Found in the Early JWST Data: UV Luminosity Functions and Cosmic Star-Formation History at the Pre-Reionization Epoch

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