PANCREATIC Β-Cell FUNCTION IN THE FETAL FOAL AND MARE

Fowden, Abigail L.; Barnes, Richard; Comline, R. S.; Silver, M.

doi:10.1677/joe.0.0870293

Cited by 54 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 20 publications

(27 reference statements)

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“…In the current study, the maximum increment in plasma insulin in response to exogenously administered glucose in suckled foals on day 1 was similar to that observed previously in pony foals at 7 days of age and was greater than that seen in utero during late gestation or in unsuckled foals 2-3 h after birth (Fowden et al 1982. These observations suggest that, in foals, the major change in pancreatic cell sensitivity to glucose occurs with the onset of enteral feeding in the immediate neonatal period.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Metabolite concentrations Plasma glucose and -aminonitrogen concentrations were determined colorimetrically as described previously (Prenton & London 1967, Fowden et al 1982.…”

Section: Biochemical Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In sheep, the pancreatic cells become progressively more responsive towards term and are very sensitive to changes in glycaemia in the immediate neonatal period (Phillips et al 1981, Aldoretta et al 1998. Similarly, in horses, there are increases in pancreatic cell sensitivity to glucose during late gestation and, again, between birth and 7 days of postnatal age (Fowden et al 1980(Fowden et al , 1982. However, little is known about the changes in neonatal cell function and proinsulin secretion as the glucoregulatory demands for insulin increase during the establishment of enteral feeding.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development of insulin and proinsulin secretion in newborn pony foals

Holdstock

Allen²,

Bloomfield³

et al. 2004

Journal of Endocrinology

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At birth, the endocrine pancreas must assume a glucoregulatory role if the neonate is to survive the transition from parenteral to enteral nutrition. In species like the horse, neonatal hypoglycaemia is common, which suggests that the glucoregulatory mechanisms are not always fully competent at birth. Hence, this study examined pancreatic cell function in newborn foals during nutritional adaptation over the first 10 days post partum. Over a 48 h period at three time intervals after birth (days 1-2, 5-6 and 9-10 post partum), the cell responses to suckling and to intravenous administration of glucose, arginine and saline were measured in seven normal pony foals. Basal plasma concentrations of proinsulin, but not insulin or glucose, increased significantly between days 1 and 10. Suckling caused a gradual increase in plasma glucose, which was accompanied by a significant increase in plasma insulin concentrations 15 min after the onset of suckling on days 5 and 9, but not day 1. There was no significant change in plasma proinsulin concentrations in response to suckling at any age. At all ages studied, glucose and arginine administration stimulated an increase in the plasma concentrations of insulin and proinsulin; these cell responses did not change significantly with postnatal age. The insulin responses to glucose were significantly greater than those of arginine at each time period. Glucose clearance was significantly slower on day 1 than subsequently. Proinsulin and glucose, but not insulin, concentrations decreased significantly after saline administration at all three ages. At each time period, there was a significant positive relationship between the plasma insulin and proinsulin concentrations, the slope of which was significantly shallower on days 1-2 than subsequently. These results show that equine cells are responsive to glucose and arginine and release both insulin and proinsulin during the immediate postnatal period. They also suggest that newborn foals may be insulin resistant on the first day after birth.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Metabolite concentrations Plasma glucose and -aminonitrogen concentrations were determined colorimetrically as described previously (Prenton & London 1967, Fowden et al 1982.…”

Section: Biochemical Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Development of insulin and proinsulin secretion in newborn pony foals

Holdstock

Allen²,

Bloomfield³

et al. 2004

Journal of Endocrinology

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“…The insulin level in the pig foetus was much lower than that of the mother as well as in an earlier study [20]. This is a feature of many species [19,25,33,37,40]. The mean level of insulin in the foetal pig, even in the chronically catheterised animal, is lower than the values reported for most other species studied [20].…”

Section: Glycerolmentioning

confidence: 47%

Effects of meal intake on materno-foetal exchanges of energetic substrates in the pig

Père

2001

Reprod. Nutr. Dev.

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-Catheters were implanted in 18 gilts at 99 days of pregnancy to study the effects of meal intake on uterine and umbilical uptake of energetic substrates in the conscious pig. Blood samples were withdrawn at 105 days of pregnancy from 10 min before and up to 90 min after feeding of a 2.5-kg meal. Plasma glucose was 2.2 to 2.5 times lower and blood lactate 2 to 3 times higher in the foetus than in the sow. Glucose and lactate increased after the meal. Their umbilical uptake amounted to 0.32 and 0.26 mmol . L -1 , respectively. Fructose was found in large amounts in foetal plasma (4.3 mmol . L -1 ), but it did not seem to be metabolised by the foetus. Meal intake decreased plasma levels of FFA and glycerol in the sows, whereas they increased in the foetuses. A small FFA and glycerol umbilical uptake was recorded (14 and 6 µmol . L -1 , respectively). Most features of the maternofoetal exchanges in the porcine species resemble those of other species, especially ruminants. materno-foetal exchange / energetic substrate / meal intake / pig Résumé -Effets de la prise alimentaire sur les échanges materno-foetaux de substrats énergétiques chez le porc. Des cathéters ont été implantés sur 18 truies à 99 jours de gestation afin d'étudier chez l'animal vigile les effets d'une prise alimentaire sur la capture de substrats énergétiques par l'utérus et le foetus. Des échantillons de sang ont été prélevés à 105 jours de gestation entre 10 min avant et 90 min après la distribution d'un repas de 2,5 kg. La glycémie était 2,2 à 2,5 fois plus faible et la lactatémie 2 à 3 fois plus élevée chez le foetus que chez la mère. Elles augmentaient après le repas. La capture de glucose et de lactate par le foetus était respectivement de 0,32 et 0,26 mmol . L -1 . Les concentrations sanguines de fructose étaient élevées chez le foetus (4,3 mmol . L -1 ), mais ce substrat ne semblait pas métabolisé. La consommation du repas provoquait une diminution des teneurs plasmatiques en AGL et en glycérol des truies alors qu'elles augmentaient chez les foetus. Une faible Reprod. Nutr. Dev. 41 (2001) 285-296 285

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“…Estes resultados estão de acordo com estudos que demonstraram menor capacidade de metabolização da glicose em ovelhas no terço final de gestação, pela maior resistência dos tecidos periféricos à insulina (Schlumbohm, 1997;Regnault et al, 2004). Conforme a gestação avança em ovinos, a concentração materna de insulina, assim como a resposta da insulina a uma carga de glicose, é significativamente reduzida (Fowden, 1982). Apesar disso, as concentrações de glicose (Fig.…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

Correlação entre cálcio e insulina durante o teste de tolerância à glicose em ovelhas gestantes e não gestantes

Schmitt

Schneider

Goulart

et al. 2012

Arq. Bras. Med. Vet. Zootec.

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RESUMOCompararam-se as concentrações de cálcio, glicose e insulina em ovelhas gestantes e não gestantes submetidas ao teste de tolerância à glicose (TTG). Oito ovelhas gestantes (GG) e oito não gestantes (NG) foram submetidas ao TTG por meio da administração endovenosa de uma solução de glicose, na dose de 500mg/kg de peso vivo. Amostras de sangue foram coletadas nos tempos de -15, zero, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, 150 e 180 minutos, sendo zero min o momento da infusão, para avaliação da concentração sanguínea de glicose, cálcio e insulina. Foi avaliada a taxa de metabolização de glicose e insulina, por meio do cálculo da área sob a curva (ASC). As concentrações de glicose, cálcio, insulina e a ASC da insulina não diferiram entre os grupos (P>0,05), entretanto as três últimas ASCs da glicose foram mais elevados nas gestantes (P<0,05), que correspondem ao período entre 90 e 180min. O teste de correlação de Pearson revelou correlação negativa entre concentração de cálcio e insulina nas gestantes (P<0,05). Estes resultados indicam menor taxa de metabolização de glicose em ovelhas gestantes e uma possível relação de cálcio e insulina no terço final de gestação.Palavras-chave: gestação, ovelha, teste de tolerância, glicose, insulina on -15, 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, 150 and 180 minutes interval (0 mininjection condição induz a adaptações no metabolismo da gestante, levando à maior ingestão calórica e ao aumento da resposta secretória de insulina (Brelje et al., 1993). Nesse período, cerca de 35% da glicose circulante da gestante são direcionadas para atender à demanda energética da unidade feto-placentária, sustentada pela redução progressiva e reversível da sensibilidade ABSTRACT

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PANCREATIC Β-Cell FUNCTION IN THE FETAL FOAL AND MARE

Cited by 54 publications

References 20 publications

Development of insulin and proinsulin secretion in newborn pony foals

Development of insulin and proinsulin secretion in newborn pony foals

Effects of meal intake on materno-foetal exchanges of energetic substrates in the pig

Correlação entre cálcio e insulina durante o teste de tolerância à glicose em ovelhas gestantes e não gestantes

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