PAMAMOS: The first commercial silicon‐containing dendrimers and their applications

Abstract

ABSTRACT:The world of dendrimers presently encompasses several thousands of publications, including scientific papers and patents, several hundreds of different compositions, but only a few commercially available families of products (i.e. polyamidoamines (PAMAMs), until recently polypropyleneimines, and phosphorus-containing dendrimers) This is the story of PAMAMOS, which recently became the first commercially available silicon-containing dendrimers, and how we journeyed from our initial idea to the point of their commercialization. It focuses on three unique features of these new dendrimers: their ability to form precisely defined nano-structured, honeycomb-like, 2D or 3D networks; the amazing usefulness of these networks for the preparation of a variety of nanocomplexes and nancomposites; and some of the new vistas that these materials open up for engineering nanotechnology applications.

Studies on the synthesis and thermal properties of alkoxysilane‐terminated organosilicone dendrimers

“…13 C NMR spectra showed that the signals for δ SiCH 3 appeared at 0.1 ppm, for δ SiCH 2 at 14.1 ppm, δ -CH 2 of the Si-CH 2 -CH 2 -CH 2 -group appeared at 23.5 and 74.5 ppm, δ SiCH 2 of the oxirane ring at 44.6 ppm, δ CH 2 of the O-CH 2 -oxirane ring at 70.9 and δ CH of the epoxy ring at 50.9. 29 Si NMR spectra showed the two peaks at δ −108 ppm and δ 7.2 ppm for Q 4 species [Si(OSi) 4 ] and M 1 species [Si(OSi)(CH 3 ) 2 CH 2 ], respectively, and there was hardly any change with the G 0 A. Therefore, it may be concluded that the G 0 B dendrimer was synthesized successfully.…”

“…13 C NMR gave only one peak at δ 0.2 ppm, which may be assigned to δ CH 3 . 29 Si NMR showed two peaks at δ −108 and δ 8.5 ppm. The peak at higher field may be assigned to structural species Q 4 [Si(OSi) 4 ] and corresponds to a silicon atom attached to four silicon species via oxygen bridges.…”

“…44.6 (epoxy ring, -CH 2 -), 50.9 (epoxy ring, -CH-), 70.9 (-O-CH 2 -epoxy ring), 74.5 (-CH 2 -CH 2 -O-). 29 Si …”

“…[1,18 -27] The first silicon-containing dendrimer was reported by Aziz Muzafarov et al in 1989, [28] and the first commercially available siliconcontaining dendrimer was PAMAMOS. [29] Since then, several such dendrimers have been reported in the literature. [1,10,11,18 -27] A number of applications of organosilicone dendrimers based on the terminal functional groups and polysiloxycarbosilane core have also been enumerated in the literature.…”

Formation of nanogel aggregates by an amphiphilic cholesteryl‐poly(amidoamine) dendrimer in aqueous media

“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] The peripheral hydrophobic modification of commercially available, water-soluble poly(propylene imine) and poly(amidoamine) dendrimers has proved to be a convenient strategy for producing amphiphilic dendrimers in which all or some of the surface groups are hydrophobized. Fully hydrophobized dendrimers, which are referred to as having a hydrophilic dendrimer core-hydrophobic shell architecture, usually exhibit ordered aggregation on a nanoscopic scale with peculiar shapes and morphology.…”