Paludiculture: sustainable productive use of wet and rewetted peatlands

Joosten, Hans; Gaudig, Greta; Tanneberger, Franziska; Wichmann, Sabine; Wichtmann, Wendelin

doi:10.1017/cbo9781139177788.018

Cited by 27 publications

(24 citation statements)

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“…Ökosüsteemi teenuse mõistes loetakse sood tunduvalt väärtuslikumaks kui metsa Joosten et al, 2012). Võrreldes jääksoos turbas ja puidus aastas seotavat süsiniku hulka, talletub intensiivsel biomassi formeerumisel puitu suuremas koguses süsinikku kui seda emi-teerub mullahingamise käigus atmosfääri (Silvan & Hytönen, 2016).…”

Section: Süsiniku Bilanss Jääksoodesunclassified

“…Kindlasti on olulised kompromissid turba tootmise ja ammendatud väljakute taastamise vahel ja arvestama peab taastamissuuna mõjuga süsiniku akumuleerumisele (Picken, 2006). Taassoostamise eelistamisel, võrreldes teiste jääksoo korrastamise võimalustega, lähtutakse asjaolust, et sellise taastamisviisi valikuga väheneb antropogeense CO 2 emissioon ammendatud turbaaladelt (Vasander et al, 2003;Joosten et al, 2012). Teiseks võimalikuks maakasutuseks näeb arengukava "Eesti võimalused liikumaks konkurentsivõimelise madala süsinikuga majanduse suunas aastaks 2050" (2013) ette, et mahajäetud kaevandusalad metsastatakse, mis samuti võimaldab teatud määral kompenseerida kaevandamata turba jätkuval mineraliseerumisel atmosfääri lenduva süsiniku hulka.…”

Section: Süsiniku Bilanss Jääksoodesunclassified

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Afforestation of cutaway peatlands: effect of wood ash on biomass formation and carbon balance

et al. 2017

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Alternatives to the restoration of cutaway peatlands include afforestation, energy forests, agricultural production, wetland restoration (restoration of peataccumulating function), reed canary grass (energy mower) or wild berries (blueberry, cranberry) cultivation, protected area for birds, and artificial lakes. Investigations made in several countries suggest that one of the most promising ways of regenerating cutaway peatlands is afforestation. The re-vegetation of Estonian cutaway peat production fields is mainly the result of natural processes, which are generally very slow: vegetation covers only 10–20% of a peat field. Carbon dioxide is not bound anymore in cutaway peatlands where vegetation layer has been destroyed and therefore photosynthetical processes no more occur. Using biofuel ashes (wood ash, etc.) for the afforestation of cutaway peatlands helps to balance the content of nutrients in peat substrate, which improves the survival of planted seedlings and significantly increases bioproduction. Drained and mined peatlands have become a significant source of CO2 but stimulated woody biomass production can be helpful to balance CO2 emission from cutaway peatlands. Because of the limited resources of fossil fuels and negative impacts on the environment in recent decades alternative sources of energy have been actively looked for. In Scandinavia a lot of attention has been paid to finding possibilities for using biofuels. The situation in Estonia is that only very few types of ashes (for example certified oil shale fly ash with product name Enefix) have been founded to be suitable for utilization and have been used for recycling in agriculture.

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Section: Süsiniku Bilanss Jääksoodesunclassified

Afforestation of cutaway peatlands: effect of wood ash on biomass formation and carbon balance

et al. 2017

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“…Some studies and scattered trials have been done for several alternative paludiculture crops (e.g. Limin et al 2007;Giesen 2013;Noor et al 2014;Joosten et al 2016;Tata & Susmianto 2016;Nishimura 2018), but the integrated assessment, as well as the comparison performance among these various paludiculture crops in term of their sustainability, profitability, scalability of market and the acceptability to the farmers, are lacking.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With paludiculture there is no need to drain the peat leading to lower fire risks and CO 2 emissions. This system also enables long-term cropping with no or limited soil subsidence (Joosten et al 2016). Paludiculture is designed to preserve and restore the peatlands (through rewetting of the drained peatlands) as well as to provide sustainable income for the peatland users (Joosten et al 2016 crops with minimum drainage required (less than 30-50 cm).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This system also enables long-term cropping with no or limited soil subsidence (Joosten et al 2016). Paludiculture is designed to preserve and restore the peatlands (through rewetting of the drained peatlands) as well as to provide sustainable income for the peatland users (Joosten et al 2016 crops with minimum drainage required (less than 30-50 cm). We propose several criteria and levels of potentials for different paludiculture crops in order to integrate the socio-economicecological dimensions in terms of their sustainability, profitability, scalability of markets and acceptability to local farmers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sustainable peatland management in Indonesia : Towards better understanding of socio-ecological dynamics in tropical peatland management

Uda¹

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According to Leifeld and Menichetti (2018), it is estimated that around 41% (24.1 Mha) of the global tropical peatlands have been drained and converted into non-forested peatland areas (Figure 1.1), contributing ~1.48 (0.04-2.79) Gton CO 2eq emissions. Meanwhile, the largest proportion of tropical peatland is in SouthEast -Asia with around 57% (24 Mha) of the global tropical peatland, and almost half of this area (47%) is located in Indonesia which holds 57.4 Gton C or ~65% of the global tropical peatland carbon resource (Page et al. 2011). Figure 1.1 The proportion of global tropical peatland in the global peatlands and their distribution based on land uses (adapted from Leifeld and Menichetti 2018). 1.1.2 The state of the Indonesian tropical peatlands 1.1.2.1 The national distribution Indonesian peatlands probably cover about 4% of the global peatlands and are the fourth-largest peatland area in the world after the peatlands in Russian, Canada, and the United States (Xu et al. 2018). In Indonesia, peatlands cover between 6-14% of the total Indonesia's land area, ranging from 12 to 26.4 million hectares (depending upon the sources of the peatland distribution map, Wahyunto and Suryadiputra 2008; Ritung et al. 2011; MoEFRI 2015). Based on the current official government map of peatlands in Indonesia, Indonesian peatlands are predominantly distributed in the islands of Sumatra (~43%), Kalimantan (~32%) and Papua (~24%), comprising seventeen provinces of in total thirty-three provinces in Indonesia (Ritung et al. 2011). Most of the Indonesian peatlands are located on the low-altitude coastal Indonesia showed robust economic performance during the global financial crisis 2008-2009 as reflected from its Gross Domestic Product (GDP) growth rate recovery from 4.6% in 2009 to a relatively stable 6% in 2010-2012 and 5% until 2018 which was made possible by a rise in commodity exports, solid public finances and the strong domestic demands. Based on the Master Plan for Acceleration and Expansion of Indonesia's Economic Development 2011-2025, with the Government's goal of 7% average annual growth of GDP, Indonesia has potential to jump from the 16th largest economy in the world in 2012 to the 10th by 2025. From the year 1965 to 2017, Indonesia's economy has changed from being highly relying on agriculture sector to become a more balanced economy where the contribution of national GDP due to the industrial, manufacturing, and services (value-added) sectors were becoming more dominant and pronounced over the agricultural sector. yet. This is evidenced in four knowledge gaps that will be addressed in this study. First, large areas of Indonesian natural peatland ecosystems have been converted, but information on the current status of peatlands and trends under different uses as well as the dynamics of ecosystem services supplied and the major differences in peat development at the scale of the country is scarce. Although the potential effects of changes in Indonesian peatlands are now increasingly well understood (e.g. Hooijer ...

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The Power of Nature‐Based Solutions: How Peatlands Can Help Us to Achieve Key EU Sustainability Objectives

Tanneberger

Appulo²,

Ewert

et al. 2020

Advanced Sustainable Systems

111

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Peatlands are lands with a peat layer at the surface, containing a large proportion of organic carbon. Such lands cover ≈1 000 000 km2 in Europe, which is almost 10% of the total surface area. In many countries, peatlands have been artificially drained over centuries, leading to not only enormous emissions of CO2 but also soil subsidence, mobilization of nutrients, higher flood risks, and loss of biodiversity. These problems can largely be solved by stopping drainage and rewetting the land. Wet peatlands do not release CO2, can potentially sequester carbon, help to improve water quality, provide habitat for rare and threatened biodiversity, and can still be used for production of biomass (“paludiculture”). Wisely adjusted land use on peatlands can substantially contribute to low‐emission goals and further benefits for farmers, the economy, society, and the environment.

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Paludiculture: sustainable productive use of wet and rewetted peatlands

Cited by 27 publications

References 0 publications

Afforestation of cutaway peatlands: effect of wood ash on biomass formation and carbon balance

Afforestation of cutaway peatlands: effect of wood ash on biomass formation and carbon balance

Sustainable peatland management in Indonesia : Towards better understanding of socio-ecological dynamics in tropical peatland management

The Power of Nature‐Based Solutions: How Peatlands Can Help Us to Achieve Key EU Sustainability Objectives

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