Palm oil mill effluent (POME) treatment and bioresources recovery using ultrafiltration membrane: Effect of pressure on membrane fouling

Wu, Taipu; Mohammad, Abdul Wahab; Jahim, Jamaliah Md; Anuar, Nurina

doi:10.1016/j.bej.2007.01.029

Cited by 155 publications

(86 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…These data were in agreement with the findings of Wu et al (2007), who reported a decrease in permeate flux. This phenomenon could be explained in term of fouling and resistance of the membrane.…”

Section: Permeate Quality and Effect Of Applied Pressuresupporting

confidence: 83%

“…Commonly, fouling occurs due to the high content of sludge, colloidal matter, and suspended solids in POME (Ahmad et al 2006;Wu et al 2007). In the previous studies done by Ahmad et al (2003), Ahmad et al (2006), and Wu et al (2007), most of the difficulties in membrane technology were to overcome the fouling membrane due to the POME characteristics. POME is rich in suspended solids, sludge, and colloidal particles which need to be degraded first.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, POME also has a high organic content, namely oil and fatty acids (Baharuddin et al 2010). If POME is discharged without being treated properly, it is certain to pollute waterways due to its high biological oxygen demand (25,000 mg/L), chemical oxygen demand (53,630 mg/L), oil and grease content (8,370 mg/L), and suspended solid content (19,020 mg/L) (Ma 1995;Wu et al 2007). For this reason, the palm oil industry has an enormous responsibility to face the problem in terms of environmental protection, economical viability, and sustainable development.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The Effect of Operating Parameters on Ultrafiltration and Reverse Osmosis of Palm Oil Mill Effluent for Reclamation and Reuse of Water

Azmi¹,

Yunos²,

Baharuddin³

et al. 2012

BioResources

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An attempt was made to reclaim and recover palm oil mill effluent (POME) for water reuse using tubular ultrafiltration (UF) and reverse osmosis (RO) membranes. The reclaimed water was compared with the final discharged water of the local mill. The raw POME was first subjected to a physical pre-treatment process to remove the content of organic matter and suspended solids. The pre-treatment process was coupled with membrane technology (UF and RO) to reclaim the clean water from POME. From the combined techniques of UF (5 bar) and RO (30 bar) the results showed that the turbidity and BOD 5 were reduced by 99% and 98.9%, respectively. Compared to the final discharged POME, this suggested method gives a significant difference in BOD 5 and turbidity. The final permeate of RO was found to comply with the standards for water reuse. Therefore, the combined UF and RO method is a viable alternative and has a great potential for use in the palm oil industry.

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Section: Permeate Quality and Effect Of Applied Pressuresupporting

confidence: 83%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The Effect of Operating Parameters on Ultrafiltration and Reverse Osmosis of Palm Oil Mill Effluent for Reclamation and Reuse of Water

Azmi¹,

Yunos²,

Baharuddin³

et al. 2012

BioResources

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…For every ton of CPO production, 2.5-3 tons POME are generated. Therefore, during the production of palm oil, huge amounts of contaminated materials are released into the environment (Wu et al, 2007). Chemical oxygen demand (COD) and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) in POME are significant causes of water pollution if they are released into water systems.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pollutant in palm oil production process

Hosseini

Wahid

2013

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

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Palm oil mill effluent (POME) is a by-product of the palm industry and it releases large amounts of greenhouse gases (GHGs). Water systems are also contaminated by POME if it is released into nonstandard ponds or rivers where it endangers the lives of fish and water fowl. In this paper, the environmental bottlenecks faced by palm oil production were investigated by analyzing the data collected from wet extraction palm oil mills (POMs) located in Malaysia. Strategies for reducing pollution and technologies for GHG reduction from the wet extraction POMs were also proposed. Average GHG emissions produced from processing 1 ton of crude palm oil (CPO) was 1100 kg CO 2 eq. This amount can be reduced to 200 kg CO 2 eq by capturing biogases. The amount of GHG emissions from open ponds could be decreased from 225 to 25 kg CO 2 eq/MT CPO by covering the ponds. Installation of biogas capturing system can decrease the average of chemical oxygen demand (COD) to about 17,100 mg/L and stabilizing ponds in the final step could decrease COD to 5220 mg/L. Using a biogas capturing system allows for the reduction of COD by 80% and simultaneously using a biogas capturing system and by stabilizing ponds can mitigate COD by 96%. Other ways to reduce the pollution caused by POME, including the installation of wet scrubber vessels and increasing the performance of biogas recovery and biogas upgrading systems, are studied in this paper.Implications: Around 0.87 m 3 POME is produced per 1 ton palm fruit milled. POME consists of around 2% oil, 2-4% suspended solid, 94-96% water. In palm oil mills, more than 90% of GHGs were emitted from POME. From 1 ton crude palm oil, 1100 kg CO 2 eq GHGs are generated, which can be reduced to 200 kg CO 2 eq by installation of biogas capturing equipment.

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“…The clarification or flocculation method or agent used in different industries are summarised in Table 3. [78][79][80][81][82][83] Consumers are becoming more health conscious, increasingly aware of what they consume and concern of the nutritional value of food materials and ingredients. Safe and healthy products and environmental-friendly processing are much preferred and will be the primary concern in many industries.…”

Section: Possible Application Of Plant-based Bio-flocculants In Diffementioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on Development and Application of Plant-Based Bioflocculants and Grafted Bioflocculants

Lee

Chong

Robinson

et al. 2014

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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Flocculation is extensively employed for clarification through sedimentation. Application of ecofriendly plant-based bio-flocculants in wastewater treatment has attracted significant attention lately with high removal capability in terms of solids, turbidity, colour and dye. However, moderate flocculating property and short shelf life restrict their development. In order to enhance the flocculating ability, natural polysaccharides derived from plants are chemically modified by inclusion of synthetic, non-biodegradable monomers (e.g. acrylamide) onto their backbone to produce grafted bio-flocculants. This review is aimed to provide an overview of the development and flocculating efficiencies of plant-based bio-flocculants and grafted bio-flocculants for the first time. Furthermore, the processing methods, flocculation mechanism and the current challenges are discussed. All the reported studies about plant-derived bio-flocculants are conducted under lab-scale conditions in wastewater treatment. Hence, the possibility to apply natural bio-flocculants in food and beverage, mineral, paper and pulp, oleo-chemical and biodiesel industries is discussed and evaluated.

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Palm oil mill effluent (POME) treatment and bioresources recovery using ultrafiltration membrane: Effect of pressure on membrane fouling

Cited by 155 publications

References 44 publications

The Effect of Operating Parameters on Ultrafiltration and Reverse Osmosis of Palm Oil Mill Effluent for Reclamation and Reuse of Water

The Effect of Operating Parameters on Ultrafiltration and Reverse Osmosis of Palm Oil Mill Effluent for Reclamation and Reuse of Water

Pollutant in palm oil production process

A Review on Development and Application of Plant-Based Bioflocculants and Grafted Bioflocculants

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