Palm oil-based compound as environmentally friendly plasticizer for poly(vinyl chloride)

Abstract

Many plasticizers have been invented to serve the purpose of making poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) into a more flexible plastic. In this work, the potential of palm oil‐based compound (Palm1) as a polymeric plasticizer for PVC was investigated. Plasticization of PVC was conducted via the solvent casting technique, using tetrahydrofuran (THF) as the mutual solvent. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were used to find evidence of interactions between the plasticizer and PVC. Transition temperatures (Tgs) of the plasticized PVC were obtained using DSC, and their thermal stabilities were evaluated using a thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA). Results from the study show that the polymeric plasticizer could interact with PVC chains via polar interaction involving –C‐Cl of PVC and possibly the ‐OH groups of Palm1. Tg of the PVC was reduced after it was plasticized with Palm1. The results obtained from this study suggest that the Palm1 may have the potential to serve as an environmentally friendly plasticizer for PVC. J. VINYL ADDIT. TECHNOL., 22:80–87, 2016. © 2014 Society of Plastics Engineers

Effect of Palm Oil Bio-Based Plasticizer on the Morphological, Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Poly(Vinyl Chloride)

“…The ATR-FTIR spectra within the range of 4000 cm −1 to 400 cm −1 of the alkyd, unplasticized PVC and PVC plasticized with varying proportions of alkyd and DOP or DiNP are shown in Figure 2. The palm oil-based alkyd as a co-plasticizer exhibited strong absorbance peaks at 3466 cm −1 , which corresponded to -OH stretching, 1728 cm −1 from the -C=O stretching, and 742 cm −1 that was attributed to the out of plane angular bending of the orthosubstituted -C-H aromatic ring in the alkyd chain [22,24]. These three characteristic bands were also found in the plasticized PVCs that were composed with the alkyd.…”

“…Molecular weight of the alkyd was recorded from Gel Permeation Chromatography (GPC) analysis at 3615 g¨mol´1, the transition temperature (T g ) of the alkyd from Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was reported at´12˝C and the maximum decomposition peak of the alkyd from thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was at 380˝C. Details of the synthesis and characterization of the alkyd were described elsewhere [22]. …”

“…The PVC-L and PVC-H plasticized with 70 phr of DOP (PVC-L/DOP7 and PVC-H/DOP7), which served as the control in this study, were an exception because the -OH stretching band from the alkyd did not appear. The unplasticized PVC had a characteristic band at 2974 cm´1 from the stretching and deformation of the -C-H of -CHCl [22]. After blending with the alkyd, it has shifted to a lower frequency and became a broader peak.…”

“…The unplasticized PVC had a characteristic band at 2974 cm −1 from the stretching and deformation of the -C-H of -CHCl [22]. After blending with the alkyd, it has shifted to a lower frequency and became a broader peak.…”

Review of Mechanical Properties, Migration, and Potential Applications in Active Food Packaging Systems Containing Nanoclays and Nanosilver

“…For example, the processing of PVC requires the use of plasticizers such as phthalates to render the material malleable and easily processable but these additives have the potential to migrate from the polymer and enter the food chain (Erythropel and others ). Phthalates are particularly concerning because of their link with endocrine disruption so some alternatives to these plasticizers have been developed including plant based derivatives obtained from soybean oil (Bueno‐Ferrer and others ), sunflower oil (Rouane and others ), and palm oil (Ang and others ). The migration of phthalates from PET has also been widely reported (Bošnir and others ; Schmid and others ; Pinto and Reali ; Bach and others ) as well as the migration of styrene from PS (Murphy and others ; Date and others ; Choi and others ; Khaksar and Ghazi‐Khansari ).…”