Palm-based polyurethane-ionic liquid gel polymer electrolyte for quasi-solid state dye sensitized solar cell

Su’ait, Mohd Sukor; Jumaah, Fatihah Najirah; Faizzi, H. M.; Mamat, Siti Farah; Ludin, Norasikin Ahmad; Farhan, W. A.; Haron, Aaina Amirah; Atifah, N.; Latif, Mohd Nor; Badri, Khairiah Haji; Ahmad, Azizan

doi:10.1016/j.indcrop.2018.01.008

Cited by 33 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Various types of polymers have been investigated and used as the matrix for this purpose such as poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO), poly(acrylonitrile) (PAN), poly(methylmetacrylate) (PMMA), poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVF), and many more. In essence, PU is a good candidate to be the host polymer of the polymer electrolytes because of their good chemical stability, excellent mechanical properties, and low glass transition temperature (T g ), as well as having a unique multiphase structure consisting of hard and soft segments [ 19 ]. Polymeric solvent properties of the soft segment of PU solvates the cations while the hard segments maintain the electrochemical stability [ 20 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physico-Chemical, Thermal, and Electrochemical Analysis of Solid Polymer Electrolyte from Vegetable Oil-Based Polyurethane

2020

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In this paper, we report the preparation of bio-based polyurethane (PU) from renewable vegetable oil. The PU was synthesized through the reaction between jatropha oil-based polyol and isocyanate in a one-shot method. Then, lithium perchlorate (LiClO4) salt was added to the polyurethane system to form an electrolyte film via a solution casting technique. The solid polymer electrolyte was characterized through several techniques such as nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), Fourier transforms infrared (FTIR), electrochemical studies, thermal studies by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). The NMR analysis confirmed that the polyurethane was successfully synthesized and the intermolecular reaction had occurred in the electrolytes system. The FTIR results show the shifting of the carbonyl group (C=O), ether and ester group (C–O–C), and amine functional groups (N–H) in PU–LiClO4 electrolytes compared to the blank polyurethane, which suggests that interaction occurred between the oxygen and nitrogen atom and the Li+ ion as they acted as electron donors in the electrolytes system. DSC analysis shows a decreasing trend in glass transition temperature, Tg and melting point, Tm of the polymer electrolyte as the salt content increases. Further, DMA analysis shows similar behavior in terms of Tg. The ionic conductivity increased with increasing salt content until the optimum value. The dielectric analysis reveals that the highest conducting electrolyte has the lowest relaxation time. The electrochemical behavior of the PU electrolytes is in line with the Tg result from the thermal analysis.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physico-Chemical, Thermal, and Electrochemical Analysis of Solid Polymer Electrolyte from Vegetable Oil-Based Polyurethane

2020

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“…Furthermore, the decrease in the thermal stability was also due to the conversion of GPE samples from crystalline to amorphous phase transition of the synthesized electrolytes with increasing salt concentration. Therefore, it was clear that the effect of the salt transformed the crystalline electrolytes to an amorphous one, as shown by the FTIR and XRD spectra discussed in the previous section . With respect to the second step of degradation, TGA suggested that N0 was more thermally stable than the other GPE samples.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Polyacrylonitrile–poly(1‐vinyl pyrrolidone‐co‐vinyl acetate) blend based gel polymer electrolytes incorporated with sodium iodide salt for dye‐sensitized solar cell applications

Saidi

Omar

et al. 2019

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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New gel polymer electrolytes (GPEs) were prepared via the blending of a polyacrylonitrile polymer and a poly(1‐vinyl pyrrolidone‐co‐vinyl acetate) copolymer. The sodium iodide (NaI) salt concentration was varied for each GPE sample. From ionic conductivity (σ) studies, we observed that the sample with a 40 wt % NaI salt content (N40) showed the highest σ of 3.54 × 10−3 ± 0.05 S/cm at room temperature, and all of the GPE samples obeyed Arrhenius behavior. The dielectric properties of the GPE samples were also analyzed to study the electrical polarization of the materials. The developed GPE samples were also characterized with X‐ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. We also then used the developed GPE samples for the fabrication of dye‐sensitized solar cells by sandwiching them between a photoanode and Pt counter electrode for photovoltaic studies. The highest photovoltaic performance was achieved by N40, with an efficiency of 3.04%. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47810.

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“…[EMIm + ] cation acts as a plasticizer that gives motion space to polymer chains and lithium ions to move freely. [ 41 ] Acetate groups of [EMIm]Ac interact with lithium ions and reduce its coordination to the ClO 4 − anion, so that hinders ion cluster formation. The formation of ion aggregation occurs when excess dopant, so prevent the ions inside of the polymer matrix.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influences of [EMIm]Ac Ionic Liquid for the Characteristics of Li‐Ion Batteries' Solid Biopolymer Blend Electrolyte Based on Cellulose Derivatives of MC/CMC Blend

Ndruru

Widiarto

Pramono

et al. 2022

Macro Chemistry & Physics

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This work aims to study the influences of 1‐ethyl‐3‐methylimidazolium acetate, [EMIm]Ac ionic liquid incorporation with various weight percentage to the characteristics of biopolymer blend electrolytes (BBEs) based on methyl cellulose/carboxymethyl cellulose (MC/CMC) (50/50) blend, i.e., the ionic conductivities, crystallinities, mechanical properties, surface morphology, and thermal stability. [EMIm]Ac ionic liquid is synthesized using a metathesis reaction between [EMIm]Br and CH3COOK in methanol solvent, while the BBEs preparation is conducted using casting solution technique. The functional groups and molecular structure of BBEs samples are confirmed by using Fourier transform infra red (FTIR) and nuclear magnetic resonce (NMR), while the characteristics of ionic conductivities, mechanical properties, crystallinities, surface morphology, and stability thermal are conducted using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, tensile tester, X‐ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy, and thermogravimetry analysis/differential thermogravimetry (TGA/DTG). The [EMIm]Ac ionic liquid incorporation greatly affects the characteristics of BBEs with optimum condition at the 15% [EMIm]Ac ionic liquid incorporation with a value of 1.53 × 10−2 S cm−1, 20.83 MPa/21.57%, and 217.24–356.34 ℃ for ionic conductivity, tensile strength/elongation at break, and decomposition temperature, respectively. The optimum condition from this study fulfills the standard minimum requirement for a lithium‐ion battery separator.

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Palm-based polyurethane-ionic liquid gel polymer electrolyte for quasi-solid state dye sensitized solar cell

Cited by 33 publications

References 39 publications

Physico-Chemical, Thermal, and Electrochemical Analysis of Solid Polymer Electrolyte from Vegetable Oil-Based Polyurethane

Physico-Chemical, Thermal, and Electrochemical Analysis of Solid Polymer Electrolyte from Vegetable Oil-Based Polyurethane

Polyacrylonitrile–poly(1‐vinyl pyrrolidone‐co‐vinyl acetate) blend based gel polymer electrolytes incorporated with sodium iodide salt for dye‐sensitized solar cell applications

The Influences of [EMIm]Ac Ionic Liquid for the Characteristics of Li‐Ion Batteries' Solid Biopolymer Blend Electrolyte Based on Cellulose Derivatives of MC/CMC Blend

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